Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients scheduled for TKA
| Participant characteristics | All (N = 240) | Men (n = 72) | Women (n = 188) | P a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 64 (8.0) | 66.8 (8) | 62.8 (7.7) | 0.003 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28.7 (5) | 26.9 (3.9) | 29.5 (5.2) | 0.003 |
| Education, n (%) | ||||
| No schooling | 34 (14.2) | 4 (5.6) | 30 (17.9) | <0.001 |
| Schooling (primary/high school) | 101 (42.1) | 23 (32) | 78 (46.4) | <0.001 |
| Graduation/postgraduation | 105 (43.8) | 45 (62.5) | 60 (35.7) | <0.001 |
| Socioeconomic scale (0‐6), mean (SD) | 4.03 (1.4) | 4.11 (1.5) | 4 (1.4) | 0.6 |
| Currently working, n (%) | 47 (19.6) | 33 (45.8) | 14 (8.3) | <0.001 |
| Living in nuclear family, n (%) | 101 (42.1) | 25 (34.7) | 76 (42.1) | 0.13 |
| Clinical | ||||
| Underwent TKA for other limb, n (%) | 26 (10.8) | 12 (16.7) | 14 (8.3) | 0.06 |
| Symptom duration, mean (SD), y | 8.1 (4.8) | 7.6 (5.3) | 8.3 (4.6) | 0.32 |
| Currently on, n (%) | ||||
| Pain medication | 170 (70.8) | 44 (62.1) | 126 (75.0) | 0.03 |
| Physiotherapy | 154 (64.2) | 45 (62.5) | 109 (62.5) | 0.72 |
| Alternative therapies b | 116 (48.3) | 33 (45.8) | 83 (49.4) | 0.61 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 84 (35.0) | 32 (44.4) | 52 (31.0) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 93 (38.8) | 27 (37.5) | 66 (39.3) | <0.001 |
| 2‐4 | 63 (26.3) | 13 (18.1) | 50 (29.8) | <0.001 |
| Chronic musculoskeletal pain, c n (%) | 113 (47.1) | 32 (44.4) | 81 (48.2) | 0.50 |
| Primary reason for surgery, n (%) | ||||
| Cannot tolerate pain | 51 (21.3) | 17 (23.6) | 34 (20.2) | <0.001 |
| Walk without limping | 147 (61.3) | 42 (58.3) | 105 (62.5) | <0.001 |
| Want to perform daily activities | 39 (16.3) | 12 (16.7) | 27 (16.1) | <0.001 |
| Doctor recommended | 3 (1.3) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| Bilateral TKA, n (%) | 108 (45.0) | 33 (45.8) | 75 (44.6) | 0.86 |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; TKA, total knee arthroplasty.
a
P values were derived from unpaired t test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables.
b
Yoga, Ayurveda, homeopathy, Unani, Siddha, naturopathy, or acupuncture.
c
Chronic back pain (n = 68), shoulder pain (n = 19), spinal‐related pain (spondylolisthesis, radiculopathies, etc) (n = 22), other pain (n = 15), and pain in more than one site have been reported, so this will not add up to 113.