Table 4.
Effectiveness and Safety Outcomes
| Outcomes | LR Group | NS Group |
|---|---|---|
| Effectiveness outcomes | ||
| MAKE30 | 1 (4) | 1 (4) |
| All-cause hospital mortality, censored at 90 days | 0 | 1 (4) |
| Hospital length of stay (days) | 5 (3–8) | 3 (2–9) |
| Hospital-free days out of 28 (days) | 23 (20–25) | 25 (20–26) |
| New inpatient RRT | 0 | 0 |
| Safety outcomes | ||
| Hyperlactatemia | 2 (8) | 4 (15) |
| Hyperkalemia | 1 (4) | 2 (8) |
| Hypercalcemia | 0 | 4 (15) |
| Hypernatremia | 0 | 1 (4) |
| Hyponatremia | 0 | 0 |
| Hyperchloremia | 3 (13) | 7 (27) |
| Thrombosis | 0 | 0 |
| Cerebral edema | 1 (4) | 0 |
| Additional adverse events | ||
| Vasoactive infusion | 3 (13) | 3 (12) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 7 (29) | 6 (23) |
| Seizure | 1 4) | 2 (8) |
| Acute kidney injury | 0 | 1 (4) |
| Hepatic dysfunction | 0 | 1 (4) |
| Rash | 4 (17) | 4 (15) |
| Pressure injury | 1 (4) | 0 |
Categorical variables are listed as n (%); continuous outcomes are listed as median (IQR). Shock was defined as need for vasoactive medication; respiratory failure was defined as need for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation.
LR = lactated Ringer’s; MAKE30 = major adverse kidney events within 30 days; NS = 0.9% normal saline; RRT == renal replacement therapy.