Table 2.
Maternal/Infant Characteristics and Intermediate Outcomes by Neonatal Mortality among infants with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Texas, 1999-2007
| Survivors N= 340 |
Non-Survivors N= 123 |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | |||
| Median time to CSC - minutes (IQR) | 12 (2, 56) | 22 (3, 142) | 0.001 |
| Time to CSC – no. (%) | <0.001 | ||
| <10 minute | 166 (49%) | 44 (36%) | |
| 10-90 minutes | 110 (32%) | 37 (30%) | |
| >90 minutes | 64 (19%) | 42 (34%) | |
| Preterm – no. (%) | 34 (10%) | 25 (20%) | 0.003 |
| Birthweight <2500g – no. (%) | 28 (8%) | 22 (18%) | 0.003 |
| SGA – no. (%) | 46 (14%) | 21 (17%) | 0.34 |
| Male sex – no. (%) | 230 (68%) | 73 (59%) | 0.10 |
| Maternal race/ethnicity – no. (%) | 0.29 | ||
| White | 158 (46%) | 50 (41%) | |
| Black | 34 (10%) | 12 (10%) | |
| Hispanic | 143 (42%) | 56 (46%) | |
| Other | 5 (1%) | 5 (4%) | |
| Median maternal age - years (IQR) | 26 (22, 31) | 25 (21,30) | 0.30 |
| Maternal education – no. (%) | 0.49 | ||
| >12th grade | 129 (38%) | 47 (40%) | |
| 12th grade | 110 (33%) | 43 (36%) | |
| <12th grade | 98 (29%) | 29 (24%) | |
| Poverty by census tract ≥20% – no. (%) | 102 (30%) | 42 (34%) | 0.40 |
| Maternal birth country – no. (%) | 0.69 | ||
| US | 252 (75%) | 85 (71%) | |
| Mexico | 64 (19%) | 27 (23%) | |
| Other | 21 (6%) | 7 (6%) | |
| Median birth year (IQR) | 2004 (2002,2006) | 2002 (2000,2005) | <0.001 |
| Birth era – no. (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 1999-2002 | 130 (38%) | 70 (57%) | |
| 2003-2007 | 210 (62%) | 53 (43%) | |
| Prenatal diagnosis – no. (%) | 139 (41%) | 41 (33%) | 0.14 |
| TAPVR – no. (%) | 10 (3%) | 5 (4%) | 0.56 |
| Intermediate Outcomes | |||
| Age at Diagnosis – no. (%) | 0.84 | ||
| <1 day | 187 (58%) | 73 (59%) | |
| 1-2 days | 101 (31%) | 33 (27%) | |
| >2 days | 35 (11%) | 17 (14%) | |
| Pre-surgical decompensation – no. (%) | 12 (4%) | 23 (19%) | <0.001 |
| Median age at surgery - days (IQR) | 5 (3,8) | 5 (3,10) | 0.96 |
CSC: cardiac surgical center. SGA: small for gestational age. IQR: interquartile range (25th percentile, 75th percentile). TAPVR: total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Intermediate outcomes reported only for cases in which sufficient data were available.