Table 2.
Association of circulating electrolytes with prevalence of atrial fibrillation, ARIC study, 2011– 2013
Magnesium | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mg/dL | 1.0 – 1.9 | 2.0 – 2.0 | 2.1 – 2.1 | 2.2 – 2.2 | 2.3 – 3.2 | |
AF | 245 | 136 | 112 | 75 | 46 | |
N | 2188 | 1373 | 1412 | 891 | 530 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.80 (0.64,1.01) | 0.61 (0.48,0.77) | 0.61 (0.46,0.80) | 0.65 (0.46,0.91) | 0.80 (0.74,0.87) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 1.19 (0.99,1.43) | 0.95 (0.78,1.15) | 0.89 (0.71,1.12) | 0.82 (0.62,1.08) | 0.86 (0.78,0.94) |
Calcium | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mg/dL | 7.0 – 9.1 | 9.2 – 9.3 | 9.4 – 9.4 | 9.5 – 9.7 | 9.8 – 12.7 | |
AF | 240 | 131 | 46 | 123 | 74 | |
N | 1839 | 1420 | 660 | 1503 | 972 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.71 (0.56,0.89) | 0.57 (0.41,0.79) | 0.65 (0.51,0.82) | 0.65 (0.49,0.87) | 0.86 (0.80,0.94) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 1.02 (0.85,1.23) | 0.80 (0.61,1.06) | 0.94 (0.78,1.13) | 0.94 (0.75,1.19) | 0.88 (0.80,0.97) |
Potassium | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mmol/L | 2.5 – 3.8 | 3.9 – 4.0 | 4.1 – 4.1 | 4.2 – 4.3 | 4.4 – 6.6 | |
AF | 168 | 129 | 77 | 120 | 120 | |
N | 1740 | 1491 | 753 | 1273 | 1137 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.80 (0.63,1.03) | 0.90 (0.67,1.20) | 0.81 (0.63,1.04) | 0.89 (0.69,1.15) | 1.00 (0.91,1.10) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 1.02 (0.85,1.22) | 1.09 (0.87,1.36) | 0.93 (0.77,1.12) | 0.82 (0.68,1.00) | 0.91 (0.83,1.01) |
Phosphorus | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mg/dL | 1.8 – 3.1 | 3.2 – 3.3 | 3.4 – 3.6 | 3.7 – 3.8 | 3.9 – 6.2 | |
AF | 171 | 102 | 153 | 87 | 101 | |
N | 1549 | 1014 | 1679 | 905 | 1247 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.94 (0.72,1.23) | 0.91 (0.71,1.15) | 0.99 (0.74,1.32) | 0.84 (0.64,1.11) | 0.98 (0.89,1.08) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 1.14 (0.93,1.39) | 0.98 (0.83,1.16) | 1.06 (0.86,1.32) | 0.73 (0.59,0.89) | 0.88 (0.79,0.97) |
Chloride | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mmol/L | 84 – 98 | 99 – 100 | 101 – 101 | 102 – 103 | 104 – 111 | |
AF | 176 | 157 | 64 | 141 | 76 | |
N | 1519 | 1674 | 900 | 1435 | 866 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.82 (0.65,1.03) | 0.61 (0.45,0.82) | 0.87 (0.69,1.11) | 0.78 (0.58,1.04) | 0.90 (0.83,0.98) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 1.04 (0.87,1.23) | 0.79 (0.63,1.00) | 1.14 (0.95,1.36) | 0.95 (0.76,1.19) | 0.95 (0.87,1.04) |
Sodium | Ql | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Per 1-SD3 |
Range, mmol/L | 122 – 137 | 138 – 139 | 140 – 140 | 141 – 141 | 142 – 149 | |
AF | 181 | 194 | 85 | 67 | 87 | |
N | 1573 | 2124 | 1075 | 741 | 881 | |
OR (95%CI)1 | 1 (ref) | 0.83 (0.67,1.03) | 0.73 (0.55,0.96) | 0.85 (0.63,1.15) | 0.95 (0.72,1.26) | 0.95 (0.87,1.03) |
OR (95%CI)2 | 1 (ref) | 0.96 (0.82,1.13) | 0.89 (0.72,1.10) | 1.04 (0.82,1.31) | 1.02 (0.82,1.27) | 0.95 (0.84,1.04) |
AF: atrial fibrillation. CI: confidence interval. OR: odds ratio.
Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and race
Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, race, center, smoking (never, former, current), physical activity, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diuretic use, ACEI/ARB use, other antihypertensive use, diabetes, heart failure, coronary heart disease, eGFR
One standard deviation is 0.2 mg/dL for magnesium, 0.40 mg/dL for calcium, 0.36 mmol/L for potassium, 0.46 mg/dL for phosphorus, 3.1 mmol/L for chloride, and 2.6 mmol/L for sodium