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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 25.
Published in final edited form as: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Mar 27;30(7):1121–1129. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.010

Table 2.

Association of circulating electrolytes with prevalence of atrial fibrillation, ARIC study, 2011– 2013

Magnesium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 1.0 – 1.9 2.0 – 2.0 2.1 – 2.1 2.2 – 2.2 2.3 – 3.2
AF 245 136 112 75 46
N 2188 1373 1412 891 530
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.80 (0.64,1.01) 0.61 (0.48,0.77) 0.61 (0.46,0.80) 0.65 (0.46,0.91) 0.80 (0.74,0.87)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.19 (0.99,1.43) 0.95 (0.78,1.15) 0.89 (0.71,1.12) 0.82 (0.62,1.08) 0.86 (0.78,0.94)
Calcium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 7.0 – 9.1 9.2 – 9.3 9.4 – 9.4 9.5 – 9.7 9.8 – 12.7
AF 240 131 46 123 74
N 1839 1420 660 1503 972
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.71 (0.56,0.89) 0.57 (0.41,0.79) 0.65 (0.51,0.82) 0.65 (0.49,0.87) 0.86 (0.80,0.94)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.02 (0.85,1.23) 0.80 (0.61,1.06) 0.94 (0.78,1.13) 0.94 (0.75,1.19) 0.88 (0.80,0.97)
Potassium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 2.5 – 3.8 3.9 – 4.0 4.1 – 4.1 4.2 – 4.3 4.4 – 6.6
AF 168 129 77 120 120
N 1740 1491 753 1273 1137
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.80 (0.63,1.03) 0.90 (0.67,1.20) 0.81 (0.63,1.04) 0.89 (0.69,1.15) 1.00 (0.91,1.10)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.02 (0.85,1.22) 1.09 (0.87,1.36) 0.93 (0.77,1.12) 0.82 (0.68,1.00) 0.91 (0.83,1.01)
Phosphorus Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 1.8 – 3.1 3.2 – 3.3 3.4 – 3.6 3.7 – 3.8 3.9 – 6.2
AF 171 102 153 87 101
N 1549 1014 1679 905 1247
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.72,1.23) 0.91 (0.71,1.15) 0.99 (0.74,1.32) 0.84 (0.64,1.11) 0.98 (0.89,1.08)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.14 (0.93,1.39) 0.98 (0.83,1.16) 1.06 (0.86,1.32) 0.73 (0.59,0.89) 0.88 (0.79,0.97)
Chloride Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 84 – 98 99 – 100 101 – 101 102 – 103 104 – 111
AF 176 157 64 141 76
N 1519 1674 900 1435 866
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.82 (0.65,1.03) 0.61 (0.45,0.82) 0.87 (0.69,1.11) 0.78 (0.58,1.04) 0.90 (0.83,0.98)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.04 (0.87,1.23) 0.79 (0.63,1.00) 1.14 (0.95,1.36) 0.95 (0.76,1.19) 0.95 (0.87,1.04)
Sodium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 122 – 137 138 – 139 140 – 140 141 – 141 142 – 149
AF 181 194 85 67 87
N 1573 2124 1075 741 881
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.83 (0.67,1.03) 0.73 (0.55,0.96) 0.85 (0.63,1.15) 0.95 (0.72,1.26) 0.95 (0.87,1.03)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 0.96 (0.82,1.13) 0.89 (0.72,1.10) 1.04 (0.82,1.31) 1.02 (0.82,1.27) 0.95 (0.84,1.04)

AF: atrial fibrillation. CI: confidence interval. OR: odds ratio.

1

Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and race

2

Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, race, center, smoking (never, former, current), physical activity, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diuretic use, ACEI/ARB use, other antihypertensive use, diabetes, heart failure, coronary heart disease, eGFR

3

One standard deviation is 0.2 mg/dL for magnesium, 0.40 mg/dL for calcium, 0.36 mmol/L for potassium, 0.46 mg/dL for phosphorus, 3.1 mmol/L for chloride, and 2.6 mmol/L for sodium