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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 25.
Published in final edited form as: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Mar 27;30(7):1121–1129. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.010

Table 3.

Association of circulating electrolytes with prevalence of premature atrial contractions in standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, ARIC study, 2011–2013

Magnesium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 1.0 – 1.9 2.0 – 2.0 2.1 – 2.1 2.2 – 2.2 2.3 – 3.2
PAC present 256 152 158 119 63
N 1920 1233 1284 811 474
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.75,1.17) 0.97 (0.78,1.21) 1.13 (0.89,1.44) 0.97 (0.71,1.31) 1.00 (0.92,1.08)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 0.95 (0.80,1.11) 1.03 (0.88,1.22) 1.15 (0.96,1.38) 0.97 (0.77,1.23) 1.05 (0.96,1.14)
Calcium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 7.0 – 9.1 9.2 – 9.3 9.4 – 9.4 9.5 – 9.7 9.8 – 12.7
PAC present 233 180 75 161 99
N 1580 1276 608 1368 890
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.98 (0.79,1.22) 0.83 (0.62,1.10) 0.75 (0.60,0.93) 0.67 (0.52,0.87) 0.89 (0.82,0.96)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.20 (1.02,1.40) 1.02 (0.82,1.26) 0.89 (0.76,1.04) 0.76 (0.63,0.92) 0.87 (0.80, 0.94)
Potassium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 2.5 – 3.8 3.9 – 4.0 4.1 – 4.1 4.2 – 4.3 4.4 – 6.5
PAC present 188 150 95 157 158
N 1558 1351 669 1144 1000
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.74,1.19) 1.26 (0.96,1.65) 1.24 (0.98,1.57) 1.36 (1.08,1.73) 1.17 (1.07, 1.27)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 0.86 (0.73,1.01) 1.15 (0.95,1.40) 1.09 (0.93,1.28) 1.07 (0.90,1.27) 1.12 (1.02,1.23)
Phosphorus Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mg/dL 1.8 – 3.1 3.2 – 3.3 3.4 – 3.6 3.7 – 3.8 3.9 – 6.2
PAC present 199 118 190 94 147
N 1360 908 1514 810 1130
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.88 (0.68,1.13) 0.87 (0.69,1.08) 0.81 (0.62,1.07) 0.94 (0.73,1.20) 0.93 (0.85,1.02)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 1.00 (0.84,1.20) 0.97 (0.84,1.13) 0.90 (0.74,1.09) 0.98 (0.82,1.15) 0.89 (0.81,0.98)
Chloride Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 84 – 98 99 – 100 101 – 101 102 – 103 104 – 110
PAC present 176 189 86 179 118
N 1328 1502 827 1284 781
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 0.95 (0.76,1.19) 0.76 (0.57,1.00) 1.08 (0.86,1.36) 1.11 (0.85,1.44) 1.05 (0.97,1.13)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 0.98 (0.84,1.14) 0.79 (0.65,0.96) 1.15 (0.99,1.34) 1.16 (0.96,1.39) 1.08 (0.99,1.17)
Sodium Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Per 1-SD3
Range, mmol/L 122 – 137 138 – 139 140 – 140 141 – 141 142 – 149
PAC present 162 233 130 89 134
N 1376 1913 985 664 784
OR (95%CI)1 1 (ref) 1.07 (0.86,1.33) 1.14 (0.89,1.47) 1.13 (0.85,1.50) 1.41 (1.09,1.82) 1.11 (1.03,1.20)
OR (95%CI)2 1 (ref) 0.95 (0.83,1.09) 1.02 (0.86,1.21) 1.00 (0.82,1.22) 1.20 (1.00,1.43) 1.11 (1.02,1.20)

CI: confidence interval. OR: odds ratio. PAC: premature atrial contraction

1

Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and race

2

Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, race, center, smoking (never, former, current), physical activity, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diuretic use, ACEI/ARB use, other antihypertensive use, diabetes, heart failure, coronary heart disease, eGFR

3

One standard deviation is 0.2 mg/dL for magnesium, 0.40 mg/dL for calcium, 0.36 mmol/L for potassium, 0.46 mg/dL for phosphorus, 3.1 mmol/L for chloride, and 2.6 mmol/L for sodium