Table 1.

Overview of all sent blood culture bottles, positive blood culture bottles and RAST-validated pathogens within the time period of 1 November 2018 to 30 April 2019 during introduction of RAST on total lab automation (TLA, BD Kiestra™) at the Department for Infectious Diseases at the University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany. Overall, 33,246 aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles were sent, of which 3313 bottles became positive and were mono-bacterial. A total of 1482 positive blood culture bottles were identified with RAST-validated species of which 894 bottles were analysed and compared with MIC results. In total, 2029 individual antibiotic measurements were analysed. Time to RAST (TTR) and time to Vitek (TTV) were analysed for 100 isolates, 20 isolates per species. A total of 1979 positive blood culture bottles were found with other species. Species with ≤ 20 isolates were categorised

Time period	1 November 2018–30 April 2019
Overall blood cultures   - Aerobic bottles   - Anaerobic bottles	n = 33,246 n = 16,628 n = 16,618
Positive blood culture bottles   - Aerobic bottles   - Anaerobic bottles   - False-positive bottles   - Blood culture bottles with multiple pathogens	n = 3461 n = 1748 n = 1713 n = 78 n = 73
- Positive blood culture bottles with mono-bacterial growth	n = 3313
Pathogens for which RAST was applicable	n = 1482
- Thereof analysed species (for RAST-Vitek comparison and evaluation of VME, ME and MinE)	n = 894
Thereof analysed individual antibiotic measurements	n = 2029
S. aureus   - MSSA   - MRSA	n = 221 n = 212 n = 9
Enterococcus spp.   - E. faecalis   - E. faecium   - VRE	n = 211 n = 72 n = 71 n = 68
E. coli	n = 319
K. pneumoniae	n = 113
P. aeruginosa	n = 30
Comparison ‘time to RAST’ and ‘time to Vitek’	n = 100 (20 isolates per pathogen)
Other species than those validated for RAST	n = 1979
S. epidermidis	n = 634
Citrobacter spp.	n = 19
Enterobacter spp.	n = 59
Serratia marcescens	n = 40
Klebsiella spp. (other than K. pneumoniae)	n = 39
Proteus mirabilis	n = 36
Candida spp.	n = 62
Clostridium spp.	n = 19
Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (S. capitis, S. caprae, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. lugdunensis, S. petrasii, S. pettenkoferi, S. saccharolyticus, S. warneri)	n = 174
Gram-positive bacilli (Actinomyces neuii, Bacillus cereus, Blautia coccoides, Brevibacterium celere, Corynebacterium afermentans, Corynebacterium jeikeium, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, Corynebacterium spp., Cutibacterium acnes, Dermabacter hominis, Lactobacillus spp.)	n = 38
Bacteroides spp. (B. caccae, B. fragilis, B. ovatus, B. vulgatus)	n = 19
Streptococcus pneumoniae	n = 43
Streptococcus spp. (S. agalactiae, S. anginosus, S. canis, S. constellatus, S. dysgalactiae, S. gallolyticus, S. gordonii, S. intermedius, S. lutetiensis, S. mitis, S. oralis, S. parasanguinis, S. pyogenes, S. salivarius, S. sanguinis)	n = 182
Other Gram-positive cocci(Aerococcus urinae, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Parvimonas spp.)	n = 13
Other Enterobacterales (Hafnia alvei, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Morganella morganii, Pantoea septica, Providencia stuartii, Salmonella typhi)	n = 17
Other Gram-negative pathogens (Acinetobacter Iwoffii, Aeromonas caviae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter jejuni, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria perflava, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Sutterella wadsworthensis)	n = 24