| First author (publication year) | Sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding | Incomplete outcome data | Selective outcome reporting | Other sources of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaplan [53] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | Low risk |
| Hasson-Ohayon [42] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Rotondi [54] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Silverman [43] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | Low risk |
| Boevink [44] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | Low risk |
| Zang [46] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Zang [47] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Gawrysiak [48] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | Low risk |
| Bjorkman [50] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Mendelson [51] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| O’Mahen [55] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk |
| Conoley [49] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Eggert [45] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Masia-Warner [52] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | High risk |
| Interian [56] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Solomon [70] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | High risk |
| Aberg-Wistedt [71] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Atkinson [67] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Terzian [73] | Unclear | Low risk | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Hasson-Ohayon [68] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Rivera [77] | Unclear | Low risk | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk |
| Solomon [74] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | High risk |
| Marzillier [75] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Stravynski [72] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Bøen [69] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Cole [76] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | High risk |
| Schene [89] | Unclear | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Castelein [86] | Low Risk | Low risk | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Gelkopf [87] | Low risk | Unclear | High risk | Unclear | Low risk | High risk |
| Ammerman [88] | Unclear | Low risk | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | High risk |