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. 2020 Jun 12;10:287. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00287

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Copyright © 2020 Yu, Wang, Dong, He, Liu, Yang, Cao, Wang, Jia, Bi and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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OXPHOS signal pathway is critical for maintaining the mitochondrial homeostasis during M2 macrophage differentiation. Peritoneal macrophages (PEMs) sorted from WT mice were pretreated with SDHA inhibitor DMM (10 mM) and stimulated with IL-4 for 48 hrs. The mitochondrial masses were analyzed with flow cytometry (A). BMs from WT mice were induced with L929 supernatant for 7 days. BMDMs were then stimulated with IL-4 for 48 h and the percentages of mitochondrial membrane potential changes (B) and mitoROS production (C) were determined by flow cytometry. The mitochondrial morphological changes were observed by laser confocal microscope as described in Methods (D,E). Representative results are based on one of three independent experiments performed with similar results. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3–5 mice per group). Statistical significance was measured by one-way ANOVA for comparisons among multiple groups. ***P < 0.001, compared with the indicated groups.