Table 2. Major adverse cardiovascular events and periodic echocardiography results in patients with aortic stenosis.

Characteristics	Preoperation	Discharge	Follow-up
			1 month	6 months	1 year	2 years	3 years	4 years
Peak velocity, m/s	4.93 ± 0.68	2.90 ± 0.69	2.78 ± 0.74	2.76 ± 0.65	2.70 ± 0.85	2.77 ± 0.76	2.70 ± 0.76	2.88 ± 0.91
Peak pressure gradient, mm Hg	99.01 ± 27.81	35.45 ± 16.50	33.02 ± 16.15	32.06 ± 14.36	34.79 ± 15.92	32.73 ± 16.66	28.50 ± 17.07	36.31 ± 21.94
Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg	61.93 ± 15.42	19.64 ± 9.16	18.43 ± 8.74	18.50 ± 8.80	20.29 ± 8.51	18.71 ± 8.52	18.71 ± 9.68	21.71 ± 12.66
Effective orifice area, cm2	0.63 ± 0.17	1.39 ± 0.22	1.50 ± 0.36	1.48 ± 0.33	1.47 ± 0.34	1.52 ± 0.40	1.52 ± 0.36	1.39 ± 0.35
Perivalvular leakage n (%)
None/trivial	–	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)	9 (64.3)
Mild	–	5 (35.7)	5 (35.7)	5 (35.7)	5 (35.7)	3 (21.4)	3 (21.4)	3 (21.4)
Moderate/severe	–	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (14.3)	2 (14.3)	2 (14.3)
Intra-prosthetic AR n (%)
None/trivial	–	14 (100.0)	14 (100.0)	14 (100.0)	13 (92.9)	13 (92.9)	13 (92.9)	13 (92.9)
Mild	–	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (7.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Moderate and severe	–	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (7.1)	1 (7.1)	1 (7.1)
LVDd, mm	50.43 ± 8.36	48.50 ± 6.91	49.21 ± 6.75	47.93 ± 6.23	46.57 ± 5.56	46.50 ± 5.42	46.64 ± 7.44	46.14 ± 7.53
LVEF, %	62.64 ± 13.73	65.51 ± 9.16	62.36 ± 5.82	62.68 ± 7.24	65.26 ± 5.79	61.79 ± 9.71	60.86 ± 4.99	63.71 ± 4.68
Major adverse cardiovascular events, n (%)	–	0	1 (7.1)	0	0	0	2 (14.3)	1 (7.1)

Continuous variables were performed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were reported as number (percentage). The number of major adverse cardiovascular events was reported on the time point that the events occurred.

LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction