TABLE 6.

Wilcoxon test for dimensions in pre–post in flipped and gamified learning.

Dimensions	Groups	Mean Rank	Z	p	d
Autonomy	Pretest	41.10	1,781	0.003*	0.22
	Posttest	53.60
Competence	Pretest	31.07	2,224	0.060	–
	Posttest	33.10
Relation with others	Pretest	61.32	1,047	0.002*	0.13
	Posttest	69.27
Satisfaction/enjoyment	Pretest	23.12	2,389	0.005*	0.29
	Posttest	42.98
Extrinsic motivation	Pretest	73.97	−2,288	0.055	–
	Posttest	60.10
Intrinsic motivation	Pretest	21.13	2,288	0.003*	0.31
	Posttest	41.87
Boredom	Pretest	49.01	−3,017	0.002*	0.33
	Posttest	32.10

*Significant difference.