Table 2.
Comparison of the HADS Scores of the Participants According to Some Groups
| Variables | Depression Score Mean ± SD | P value | Anxiety Score Mean ± SD | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | .000∗ | .000∗ | ||
| Male | 8.3 ± 4.6 | 8.2 ± 4.3 | ||
| Female | 9.9 ± 4.6 | 10.8 ± 4.4 | ||
| Marital status | .007∗ | .013∗ | ||
| Married | 8.6 ± 4.5 | 9.3 ± 4.5 | ||
| Single | 9.7 ± 4.7 | 10.3 ± 4.5 | ||
| Other | 9.3 ± 4.6 | 9.9 ± 4.6 | ||
| Education level | .808 | .031∗ | ||
| High school | 9.3 ± 4.9 | 9.4 ± 4.7 | ||
| University | 9.4 ± 4.5 | 10.2 ± 4.4 | ||
| Children | .004∗ | .070 | ||
| Yes | 9.8 ± 4.7 | 10.2 ± 4.6 | ||
| No | 8.7 ± 4.4 | 9.6 ± 4.5 | ||
| Living with someone aged 60 y or older | .028∗ | .090 | ||
| Yes | 10.3 ± 4.8 | 10.7 ± 4.8 | ||
| No | 9.2 ± 4.6 | 9.9 ± 4.5 | ||
| Profession | .379 | .647 | ||
| Technician | 9.6 ± 4.5 | 10.1 ± 4.5 | ||
| Nurse and other | 9.2 ± 4.7 | 9.9 ± 4.5 | ||
| Professional experience (y) | .000∗ | .076 | ||
| 1-5 | 8.3 ± 4.3 | 9.3 ± 4.3 | ||
| 6-14 | 9.1 ± 4.7 | 9.9 ± 4.7 | ||
| 15 and more | 10.1 ± 4.6 | 10.4 ± 4.5 | ||
| Place of work | .444 | .439 | ||
| State | 9.6 ± 4.6 | 9.9 ± 4.4 | ||
| University | 9.6 ± 4.8 | 10.4 ± 4.6 | ||
| Training and research | 9.5 ± 4.7 | 10.2 ± 4.9 | ||
| Private | 8.8 ± 4.4 | 9.5 ± 4.2 | ||
| Chronic disease | .004∗ | .045∗ | ||
| Yes | 10.3 ± 4.4 | 10.6 ± 4.1 | ||
| No | 9.1 ± 4.7 | 9.8 ± 4.7 | ||
| Cigarette consumption | .374 | .165 | ||
| No | 9.4 ± 4.7 | 10.1 ± 4.5 | ||
| Not changed | 8.9 ± 4.9 | 9.2 ± 4.6 | ||
| Increased | 10.4 ± 3.9 | 10.8 ± 4.5 | ||
| Decreased | 9.7 ± 4.4 | 10.4 ± 4.8 | ||
| Alcohol consumption (n = 100) | .308 | .070 | ||
| No | 9.4 ± 4.7 | 10.0 ± 4.6 | ||
| Not changed | 8.7 ± 4.2 | 9.0 ± 4.1 | ||
| Increased | 11.8 ± 4.7 | 13.2 ± 5.1 | ||
| Decreased | 9.7 ± 4.3 | 10.4 ± 3.4 | ||
| Workload | .097 | .017† | ||
| Not changed | 9.5 ± 4.5 | 10.3 ± 4.5 | ||
| Increased | 9.8 ± 4.8 | 10.4 ± 4.7 | ||
| Decreased | 8.9 ± 4.5 | 9.4 ± 4.4 | ||
| COVID-19 training | .580 | .442 | ||
| Yes | 9.3 ± 4.6 | 9.9 ± 4.4 | ||
| No | 9.4 ± 4.7 | 10.2 ± 4.7 | ||
| Contact with COVID-19 (+) patient | .017∗ | .204 | ||
| Yes | 10.3 ± 4.7 | 10.4 ± 4.4 | ||
| No | 9.2 ± 4.6 | 9.9 ± 4.6 | ||
| Unnecessary personal protective equipment | .004∗ | .061 | ||
| Yes | 9.9 ± 4.6 | 10.3 ± 4.6 | ||
| No | 8.9 ± 4.6 | 9.7 ± 4.5 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
Bold indicates statistical significance.
∗
Mann-Whitney U test.
†
Kruskal-Wallis test.