Table 2.

The effects of age on performance during cued-stepping task.

	YA (N=10)	OA (N=46)	P – value; F-value (df)	d
Accuracy (%)	98.7 (2.8)	94.9 (9.6)	<0.01	0.91
SSV (m/s)	1.11±0.13	0.89±0.25	0.01	0.94
SW baseline (mm)	133.3±37.3 [108.1 ±21.3]	133.8±38.8 [137.5±46.6]	group x task: 0.43; 0.63 (1,53) task: 0.09; 2.95 (1,53) [0.04; 4.41 (1,54)]	0.28 0.61 [0.75]
SW cue (mm)	124.7±33.8 [108.8±11.5]	129.8±35.2 [128.4±43.2]
Log SWV baseline	3.25±0.35 [3.28±0.25]	3.31±0.33 [3.29±0.35]	group x task: 0.04*; 4,36 (1,53)	0.74
Log SWV cue	2.69±0.36 [2.74±0.33]	3.05±0.35 [3.03±0.35]
SL baseline (mm)	446.0±39.7 [519.6±45.3]	449.8±41.3 [432.4±96.1]	group x task: 0.14; 2.29 (1,53)	0.60
SL cue (mm	453.6±47.0 [514.6±51.3]	446.6±48.3 [440.0±99.3]	task: 0.80; 0.07 (1,53)	0.09
Log SLV baseline	3.21±0.39 [3.25±0.38]	3.49±0.37 [3.49±0.33]	group x task: 0.20; 1.65 (1,53) task: <0.01; 10.16 (1,53) [0.68; 0.167 (1,54)]	0.46 1.13 [0.15]
Log SLV cue (mm)	3.37±0.36 [3.28±0.33]	3.48±0.35 [3.48±0.39]

Descriptive data are presented as either mean± standard deviation for normally-distributed variables or median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed variables. Descriptive data is shown for speed adjusted values with raw values in square brackets, except for accuracy and SSV. All p-values and Cohen’s d values are shown for adjusted data except when statistical findings differed between adjusted and unadjusted data (i.e. p-value <0.05 for only one), in which case p-values and Cohen’s d values for unadjusted data are shown in square brackets.

^*Both groups significantly reduce SWV (YA: p<0.001, Cohen’s d=1.54; OA: p=<0.001; Cohen’s d=1.58) but YA reduce to a greater extent;*OA and YA are not different during baseline (p=0.65, d=0.16) but are significantly different during cued walking (p<0.01, d=1.00)