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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 19.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2013 Feb;11(2):161–177. doi: 10.1586/erc.12.191

Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier survival curves of the total study population subdivided into quartiles according to maximal inspiratory pressure.

Figure 2.

PImax was prospectively determined in 244consecutive patients (207 men) with CHF (ischemic: n = 75; idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: n = 169; age: 54 ± 11 years; left ventricular ejection fraction: 22 ± 10%). PImax was lower in the 244 patients with CHF than in 25 control subjects (7.6 ± 3.3 vs 10.5 ± 3.7 kPa; p = 0.001). The 57 patients (23%) who died during follow-up (23 ± 16 months; range: 1–48 months) had an even more reduced PImax (6.3 ± 3.2 vs 8.1 ± 3.2 kPa in survivors; p = 0.001). Kaplan–Meier survival curves differentiated between patients subdivided according to quartiles for PImax (p = 0.014). PImax was a strong risk predictor in both univariate (p = 0.001) and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses (p = 0.03).

CHF: Coronary heart failure; PImax: Maximal inspiratory pressure. Reproduced with permission from [26] © American Heart Association, Inc (2012).