Table 4.
Population PK parameters (θ), Inter-individual variability (ω2), Residual variability (σ2) from the final model simultaneously describing saliva and plasma voriconazole pharmacokinetics.
| PK parameter | Final model estimate | RSE (%) | Bootstrap estimate (n = 1,000) (median [95% CI]) |
Bias (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearance (CL) = θ1 (L/h) | ||||
| θ1 | 4.56 | 16% | 4.39 [3.23–5.98] | 3.7% |
| ω2 | 0.136 (36.9% CV) | 42% | 0.115 [0.027–0.230] | 15.4% |
| Central volume of distribution(V) = θ2 (L) | ||||
| θ2 | 60.7 | 12% | 57.9 [41.4–72.3] | 4.6% |
| ω2 | – | – | ||
| Absorption rate constant (Ka) = θ3 (t−1) | ||||
| θ3 | 0.858 (fixed to model estimate) | – | 0.858 (fixed) | – |
| ω2 | – | – | – | |
| Bioavailability (F) = θ4 | ||||
| θ4 | 0.849 | 14% | 0.819 [0.577–0.983] | 3.5% |
| ω2 | – | – | – | |
| Scale-factor (Scale) = θ5 | ||||
| θ5 | 0.501 | 4% | 0.499 [0.458–0.541] | 0.4% |
| ω2 | – | – | – | |
| Residual variability model | ||||
| σ2 Proportional, Plasma | 0.057 | 25% | 0.054 [0.032–0.083] | 5.3% |
| σ2 Proportional, Saliva | 0.078 | 26% | 0.074 [0.041–0.112] | 5.1% |
RSE, relative standard error; CI, confidence interval; CV, coefficient of variation.