Table 1.
Susceptibility of various animal models to different trypanosome strains represented by the proportion of animals displaying a patent infection, depending on route and dose.
| Trypanosome species and strain | Mammalian host species | Animal strain/breed | Inoculation route | 106 dose | 105 dose | 104 dose | 103 dose | 102 dose | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T. b. brucei, strain 10–26 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.p. | – | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | (43) |
| T. b. brucei, strain 10–26 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.d. | – | 100% | 100% | 50% | 0% | |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.p. | – | – | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.d. | – | – | 100% | 100% | 0% | |
| T. b. brucei, strain 10–26 | Mouse | C57BL/6 | i.p. | – | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
| T. b. brucei, strain 10–26 | Mouse | C57BL/6 | i.d. | – | 100% | 100% | 50% | 0% | |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | C57BL/6 | i.p. | – | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | C57BL/6 | i.d. | – | – | 100% | 100% | 0% | |
| T. b. brucei, KETRI 2710 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.p. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (44) |
| T. b. brucei, KETRI 2710 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.v. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. b. brucei, KETRI 2710 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.m. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. b. brucei, KETRI 2710 | Mouse | Swiss white | s.c. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. b. brucei, KETRI 2710 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.d. | – | – | 83% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, KETRI 2765 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.p. | – | – | 67% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, KETRI 2765 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.v. | – | – | 50% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, KETRI 2765 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.m. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, KETRI 2765 | Mouse | Swiss white | s.c. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, KETRI 2765 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.d. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. (Dutonella) vivax, IL 1392 | Mouse | CD-1 | i.p. | – | – | – | – | 100% | (45) |
| T. (Dutonella) vivax, IL 1392 | Mouse | CD-1 | s.c. | – | – | – | – | 100% | |
| T. congolense (GVR 12/1), | Mouse | CD-1 | i.v. | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | – | (46) |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.p. | – | – | – | 100% | 100% | (47) |
| T. congolense, Trans Mara, TC13 | Mouse | BALB/c | i.d. | – | – | – | 0% | 0% | |
| T. congolense, IL 3274 | Mouse | Swiss white | i.v. | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | (48) |
| T. b. rhodesiense, EATRO 1886 | Cattle | Boran | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (49) |
| T. vivax, ETBD-1/ETBS 1 | Cattle | Zebu | i.v. | 100% | – | – | – | – | (50) |
| T. vivax, Y58 | Cattle | Zebu | i.v. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (51) |
| T. congolense, TREU 112 | Cattle | Holstein | i.v. | 100% | – | – | – | – | (52) |
| T. evansi, Olmisor isolate | Goat | East African | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (53) |
| T. congolense, Ea-Tc, IL 1180 | Goat | West African Dwarf | i.d. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (54) |
| T. congolense, ITC 84 | Goat | West African Dwarf | i.d. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. congolense, IL 957 | Goat | East African | s.c. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (55) |
| T. congolense, IL 958 | Goat | Galla | s.c. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense, UTRO 170491-B | Goat | Kigezi | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (56) |
| T. congolense, UTRO 170491-B | Goat | Mubende | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense, UTRO 170491-B | Goat | Small East African | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Goat | Galla | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (57) |
| T. congolense | Goat | East African | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Goat | Saanaen | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Goat | Saanen x Galla | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Sheep | Merino | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Sheep | Blackhead Persian | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense | Sheep | Red Masai | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | |
| T. brucei, CT 70 | Sheep | Yankassa rams | s.c. | 100% | – | – | – | – | (58) |
| T. vivax, CT 128 | Sheep | Yankassa rams | s.c. | 100% | – | – | – | – | |
| T. congolense, GT 12 | Sheep | Yankassa rams | s.c. | 100% | – | – | – | – | |
| T. brucei, Strain 8/18 | Sheep | West African Dwarf | i.v. | 100% | – | – | – | – | (59) |
| T. vivax, Zarkwai/84/ NITR/11.1 | Sheep | Uda | i.v. | – | 100% | – | – | – | (60) |
| T. congolense, Ea-Tc, IL 1180 | Sheep | Djallonke | i.d. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (54) |
| T. congolense, ITC 84 | Sheep | Djallonke | i.d. | – | – | 100% | – | – | |
| T. b. brucei | Rabbit | New Zealand white | i.p. | 100% | – | – | – | – | (61) |
| T. b. brucei | Rabbit | Chinchilla White | i.p. | 100% | – | – | – | – | |
| T. rhodesiense, EATRO 1886 | Rabbit | New Zealand white | i.v. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (62) |
| T. b. gambiense, MBA ITMAP 1811 | Monkey | Vervet | i.v. | – | – | – | 100% | – | (63) |
| T. b. brucei, GUTat 1 | Monkey | Vervet | i.v. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (64) |
| T. b. rhodesiense, KETRI 2537 | Monkey | Vervet | i.v. | – | – | 100% | – | – | (65) |
i.p., intraperitoneal; i.d., intradermal; i.v., intravenous; i.m., intramuscular; s.c., subcutaneous.