. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 19.

Published in final edited form as: Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2019 Mar 29;63:52–62. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.002

Table 1.

Demographic and Cognitive Task Performance Across Age Cohorts and Groups

	NT		ASD		F

	Young N = 14 M (SD)	Middle-aged N = 20 M (SD)	Young N = 18 M (SD)	Middle-aged N = 24 M (SD)	Age (ES; p)	Group (ES; p)	Age^* Group (partial η²; p)
IQ	107.21 (12.68)	112.50 (12.79)	105.33 (13.50)	106.00 (17.93)	0.74 (0.19; .39)	1.47 (0.32; .23)	0.45 (0.01; .51)
Education^a,b (years)	14.29 (1.86)	16 (2.51)	12.83 (1.15)	15.08 (2.45)	15.91^** (0.96; <.001)	5.68^* (0.50; .02)	0.29 (.004; .59)
COWAT^c (words)	41.07 (12.73)	40.35 (13.50)	31.06 (9.03)	41.04 (13.08)	2.60 (0.42; .11)	2.63 (0.31; .11)	3.47 (.05; .07)
Animals^d (words)	24.29 (5.37)	21.85 (3.82)	20.83 (4.83)	20.17 (6.36)	1.60 (0.27; .20)	4.39^* (0.46; .04)	0.52 (0.01; .47)
WAIS-III Vocabulary^e (raw score)	47.93 (10.08)	50.95 (12.19)	46.11 (9.81)	52.33 (7.83)	3.91^* (0.48; .05)	0.01 (0.003; .92)	0.47 (0.006; .49)
Stroop^f (words)	92.57 (29.38)	88.80 (15.14)	79.94 (12.00)	77.04 (21.42)	0.51 (0.15; .48)	6.85^* (0.60; .01)	0.01 (0.001; .93)
Trail Making Test Part A^g (secs)	22.79 (6.48)	26.6 (8.61)	31.56 (7.08)	39.50 (25.08)	2.64 (0.38; .11)	8.95^* (0.74; .004)	0.33 (0.004; .57)
fMRI Fluency ⁽words via button response)	54.46 (13.30)	50.10 (10.47)	48.79 (12.85)	47.08 (9.73)	1.27 (0.24; .26)	2.59 (0.36; .11)	0.24 (0.003; .62)

^a:

Young < Old

^b:

NT > ASD

^c:

ASD Young < All

^d:

NT > ASD * p values uncorrected for multiple comparisons

^e:

Young < Old

^f:

NT > ASD

^g:

NT < ASD

p ≤ .05

^**

p < .001