Table 2.
Standardized coefficients from linear mixed effects models for associations between AD (or Aging-Only) signature cortical atrophy and/or delirium on post-operative short-term and long-term cognitive change
| Standardized Coefficients (95% Confidence Intervals) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Month 1 | Month 2 | Months 2-36 slope | |
| GCP (Model 1) | ||||
| AD signature | −0.035 (−0.179, 0.109) | −0.048 (−0.119, 0.024) | 0.041 (−0.020, 0.101) | −0.030 (−0.060, −0.001) |
| GCP (Model 2) | ||||
| AD signature | −0.044 (−0.202, 0.115) | −0.040 (−0.121, 0.040) | 0.024 (−0.044, 0.092) | −0.020 (−0.053, 0.013) |
| Delirium | −0.387 (−0.728, −0.045) | −0.042 (−0.215, 0.132) | 0.048 (−0.100, 0.195) | −0.035 (−0.105, 0.035) |
| AD signature x delirium | −0.033 (−0.381, 0.314) | −0.044 (−0.221, 0.134) | 0.088 (−0.062, 0.239) | −0.053 (−0.123, 0.016) |
| HVLT Total Learning | ||||
| AD signature | 0.127 (−0.033, 0.286) | −0.034 (−0.156, 0.088) | −0.059 (−0.162, 0.044) | 0.032 (−0.013, 0.076) |
| Delirium | −0.582 (−0.927, −0.237) | 0.094 (−0.170, 0.359) | 0.133 (−0.091, 0.357) | −0.110 (−0.203, −0.017) |
| AD signature x delirium | −0.106 (−0.457, 0.245) | −0.120 (−0.391, 0.150) | 0.012 (−0.217, 0.240) | −0.100 (−0.192, −0.007) |
| HVLT Delayed Recall | ||||
| AD signature | 0.118 (−0.050, 0.286) | −0.060 (−0.188, 0.068) | 0.052 (−0.056, 0.161) | −0.027 (−0.077, 0.022) |
| Delirium | −0.475 (−0.838, −0.112) | 0.151 (−0.126, 0.428) | 0.145 (−0.090, 0.380) | −0.117 (−0.222, −0.012) |
| AD signature x delirium | −0.054 (−0.423, 0.316) | −0.113 (−0.397, 0.170) | −0.165 (−0.405, 0.075) | 0.014 (−0.091, 0.118) |
| Trails B | ||||
| AD signature | −0.079 (−0.244, 0.086) | 0.023 (−0.114, 0.161) | 0.015 (−0.101, 0.132) | −0.068 (−0.125, −0.012) |
| Delirium | −0.281 (−0.637, 0.074) | −0.142 (−0.439, 0.155) | 0.134 (−0.119, 0.386) | −0.027 (−0.146, 0.093) |
| AD signature x delirium | −0.008 (−0.370, 0.354) | −0.192 (−0.496, 0.111) | 0.219 (−0.039, 0.476) | −0.031 (−0.150, 0.089) |
| GCP (Model 1) – Aging-Only | ||||
| Aging-Only signature | −0.124 (−0.267, 0.018) | −0.056 (−0.128, 0.016) | 0.042 (−0.019, 0.103) | −0.023 (−0.052, 0.006) |
| GCP (Model 2) – Aging-Only | ||||
| Aging-Only signature | −0.121 (−0.274, 0.032) | −0.053 (−0.133, 0.026) | 0.052 (−0.015, 0.119) | −0.029 (−0.062, 0.004) |
| Delirium | −0.431 (−0.768, −0.095) | −0.043 (−0.218, 0.132) | 0.027 (−0.121, 0.176) | −0.020 (−0.091, 0.051) |
| Aging-Only signature x delirium | −0.139 (−0.508, 0.229) | −0.026 (−0.219, 0.167) | −0.048 (−0.211, 0.116) | 0.028 (−0.050, 0.105) |
All models included mean-centered covariates for age (years), female sex, and years of education
Baseline refers to the pre-operative cognitive assessment and thus provides a reference level of cognitive function prior to the onset of delirium. The coefficients and confidence intervals for the “Baseline” column refer to the cross-sectional association of the AD/Aging Only signature, delirium, or their interaction with baseline cognitive performance. The “Month 1” coefficients and confidence intervals refer to the association of these same predictors and cognitive change from baseline to month 1; “Month 2” coefficients and confidence intervals refer to the association of these predictors and cognitive change from month 1 to month 2; and, finally, “Months 2-36” coefficients and confidence intervals refer to the association of these predictors and cognitive slope from months 2-36.
AD = Alzheimer’s disease; GCP = General Cognitive Performance; HVLT = Hopkins Verbal Learning Test – Revised