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(a) Boiling performance of the reference surface, smooth hydrophobic surface, and fully laser-textured surfaces, (b) boiling performance of superhydrophilic (HPI) and superhydrophobic (HPO) microcavity surfaces, and (c, d) high-speed video snapshots of the boiling process on surface HPO VS 1 at a superheat of (c) 0.2 and (d) 1.2 K.
