Table 1. List of Tested Surfaces.
| surface name | description | fabrication process | apparent CA after fabrication | apparent CA after boiling |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF | untreated reference surface | none | 76° | 90° |
| HPO smooth | smooth hydrophobic surface | CVD | 124° | 76° |
| HPO FT | superhydrophobic fully textured surfacea | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | 133° |
| HPI FT | superhydrophilic fully textured surface | laser texturing | <1° | nonuniform droplet spreading |
| HPO VS 1 | superhydrophobic surface with microcavitiesa | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | >150° |
| HPO VS 2 | superhydrophobic surface with microcavitiesa | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | 143° |
| HPO VS 3 | superhydrophobic surface with microcavitiesa | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | 141° |
| HPO ES 1 | superhydrophobic surface with microcavitiesa | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | 144° |
| HPO ES 2 | superhydrophobic surface with microcavitiesa | laser texturing + CVD | >150° | 143° |
| HPI VS | superhydrophilic surface with microcavities | laser texturing | <1° | nonuniform droplet spreading |
| HPI ES | superhydrophilic surface with microcavities | laser texturing | <1° | nonuniform droplet spreading |
a
roll-off angle, <5°.