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. 2020 May 28;181(5):1131–1145.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.015

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© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Map Summarizing Genetic Exchanges in the Central Andes

(1) Bi-directional mixture between the North and Central Coasts and the Northwest Amazon. (2) Genetic exchange between NorthPeruCoast and NorthPeruHighlands. (3) Genetic interaction between CentralPeruCoast and NorthPeruHighlands_Lauricocha before ~5800 BP. (4) Genetic exchange between NorthPeruHighlands and SouthPeruHighlands. (5) Individuals of NorthPeruCoast and Titicaca Basin-related ancestry found in Cusco (Torontoy) during the Inca Empire (~450 BP). (6) Spread of SouthPeruHighlands-related ancestry into the Cusco region 450 BP–present. (7) Genetic exchange between SouthPeruHighlands and Titicaca Basin before 1,700 BP. (8) Greater allele sharing between Tiwanaku and SouthPeruHighlands relative to other individuals in Titicaca Basin during the Tiwanaku period (~1,000 BP). (9) SouthPeruHighlands-related ancestry found in Pukara in Northern Chile ~700 BP. (10) Genetic exchange between NorthChile and Titicaca Basin before ~1,700 BP. (11) NorthPeruCoast-related ancestry found in an Inca sacrifice victim in Argentina. (12) Gene flow between NorthChile or SouthPeruHighlands and the Pampas region of Argentina.