Table 1.
Unadjusted uninsured rates and socioeconomic characteristics of the county population living at or below 138% of the federal poverty line, by Medicaid expansion and Diabetes Belt status, 2012–2016
| Variables | Medicaid expansion states | Nonexpansion states | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Diabetes Belt | Non-Belt | Total | Diabetes Belt | Non-Belt | |
| Counties, n | 1,180 | 143 | 1,037 | 1,949 | 500 | 1,449 |
| Total population in 2012, n | 21,286,925 | 758,213 | 20,528,712 | 20,122,367 | 3,917,968 | 16,204,399 |
| Uninsured rates (%) by year, mean (SD) | ||||||
| 2012 | 34.6 (8.5) | 39.3 (4.2) | 33.9 (8.7) | 42.0 (8.1) | 40.4 (5.0) | 42.5 (8.9) |
| 2013 | 33.6 (8.3) | 38.5 (4.1) | 32.9 (8.5) | 41.2 (8.2) | 39.9 (5.3) | 41.7 (8.9) |
| 2014 | 23.0 (5.8) | 21.4 (3.1) | 23.2 (6.1) | 36.4 (7.8) | 35.8 (4.8) | 36.6 (8.6) |
| 2015 | 16.9 (5.3) | 15.0 (3.0) | 17.2 (5.5) | 31.9 (8.7) | 31.2 (4.9) | 32.1 (9.6) |
| 2016 | 14.8 (4.6) | 13.1 (2.3) | 15.1 (4.8) | 29.4 (8.8) | 28.7 (5.2) | 29.7 (9.7) |
| Demographic factors (%), mean (SD) | ||||||
| Age 50–64 years | 28.3 (5.5) | 31.2 (3.4) | 27.9 (5.7) | 28.5 (5.5) | 30.1 (4.4) | 28.0 (5.8) |
| Female sex | 55.1 (2.1) | 55.5 (2.1) | 55.1 (2.1) | 55.7 (2.5) | 57.0 (2.2) | 55.3 (2.5) |
| DCI, n (%) | ||||||
| Prosperous | 272 (23.1) | 1 (0.7) | 271 (26.1) | 353 (18.1) | 16 (3.2) | 337 (23.3) |
| Comfortable | 264 (22.4) | 3 (2.1) | 261 (25.2) | 362 (18.6) | 31 (6.2) | 331 (22.8) |
| Mid-tier | 258 (21.9) | 23 (16.1) | 235 (22.7) | 368 (18.9) | 58 (11.6) | 310 (21.4) |
| At risk | 209 (17.7) | 34 (23.8) | 175 (16.9) | 417 (21.4) | 124 (24.8) | 293 (20.2) |
| Distressed | 177 (15.0) | 82 (57.3) | 95 (9.2) | 449 (23.0) | 271 (54.2) | 178 (12.3) |
| Urban-rural classification of counties, n (%) | ||||||
| Rural | 210 (17.8) | 37 (25.9) | 173 (16.7) | 424 (21.8) | 92 (18.4) | 332 (22.9) |
| Micropolitan | 519 (44.0) | 75 (52.5) | 444 (42.8) | 812 (41.7) | 232 (46.4) | 580 (40.0) |
| Metropolitan | 451 (38.2) | 31 (21.7) | 420 (40.5) | 713 (36.6) | 176 (35.2) | 537 (37.1) |
Supplementary Table 1 shows the matching numbers for all income levels. DB, Diabetes Belt.