Table 3.
ncRNAs influence TIE via regulating tumor stem cell-like phenotype by targeting stem cell pathway or stemness genes
| ncRNAs | Target genes | Function | Type of cancer | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WNT signaling pathway | ||||
| miR-543-3p | WIF-1 | Activates WNT pathway by inhibiting WTF-1, and promotes stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Bladder cancer | 372 |
| miR-218 and miR-1301-3p | SFRP | Activate WNT pathway by inhibiting SFPR (an inhibitor of WNT pathway), and promote stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Triple negative breast cancer, Prostate cancer | 373,374 |
| miR-543-3p, miR-217, circRNA 0006427 and circRNA 0000523 | DDK1 | Activate/inhibit the WNT pathway by up-/downregulate the WNT pathway inhibitor DDK1, and regulate stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Bladder cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Lung adenocarcinoma, Colorectal cancer | 372,375–377 |
| circRNA CBFB, 100290, 0000177 and NEK6 | Frizzed receptor3/4/7/8 | Activate Notch pathway by upregulating Frizzed receptor4/7/8, and promote stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Colorectal cancer, Glioma, Thyroid cancer | 102,103,378,379 |
| miR-1246, 410, 92a and 19 | GSK-3β | Inhibit the WNT pathway by inhibiting the expression of GSK-3β, and inhibit stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Liver cancer, NSCLC, Colorectal cancer, Lung cancer | 101,380–382 |
| miR-1246 | Axin | Inhibits the WNT pathway by inhibiting the expression of Axin, and inhibits stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Liver cancer | 101 |
| circRNA 0002052 and circRNA 0009361 | APC | Inhibit the WNT pathway by promoting the expression of APC, and inhibit stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Osteosarcoma | 383,384 |
| miR-320, miR-200a and lncRNA β-Catm | β-catenin | Inhibit/activate the WNT pathway by up-/downregulate β-catenin, and regulate stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Prostate cancer, Liver cancer | 385–387 |
| lncRNA TCF7 | TCF7 | Activates the WNT pathway by upregulating the transcription factor TCF7, and promotes stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Colorectal cancer | 388 |
| Hedgehog signaling pathway | ||||
| miR-324-5p | Smo, Gli | Inhibits the Hedgehog pathway by downregulate Smo and Gli, and inhibits stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Multiple myeloma | 105 |
| miR-326 | Smo | Inhibits the Hedgehog pathway by inhibiting Smo, and inhibits stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Chronic myeloid leukemia | 389 |
| Notch signaling pathway | ||||
| miR-26a and miR-141 | JAG1(Notch ligand) | Inhibits the Notch pathway by inhibiting the expression of JAG1, and inhibits stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Osteosarcoma, Glioblastoma | 390,391 |
| lncRNA HOTAIR, lncRNA NALT, circRNA NFIX, circRNA ASH2L | Notch1 | Activates Notch pathway by upregulating the expression of Notch1, and promote stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Intervertebral disc degeneration, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Glioma, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 392–395 |
| miR-34a | Notch1 | Inhibits Notch pathway by downregulating Notch1, and inhibits stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Breast cancer | 396 |
| lncRNA LFAR | Notch2/3 | Activates the Notch pathway by upregulate Notch2/3, and promote stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Hepatic stellate cells | 397 |
| Stemness related genes | ||||
| miR-34a | SOX2, NANOG and OCT3/4 | Downregulate SOX2, Nanog, and OCT3/4, thereby inhibiting stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | 108 |
| miR-208a | LIN28, SOX2 | Upregulate LIN28, SOX2, thereby inhibiting stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Breast cancer | 398 |
| let- 7, miR-125, 9 and 30 | LIN28 | Downregulate LIN28, thereby inhibiting stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | A2780, T47D, MCF7 and HeLa cancer cell lines | 399 |
| miR-21 | OCT4 | Downregulates OCT4, thereby inhibiting stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Liver cancer | 400 |
| lncRNA DYNC2H1-4, SNHG20 and HOTTIP | LIN28, Nanog, SOX2 and OCT4 | Upregulate LIN28, Nanog, SOX2 and OCT4, and promote stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Pancreatic cancer, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cancer | 401–403 |
| lncRNA FEZF1-AS1, lncRNA ITGB1 and piRNA-823 | Nanog, OCT4 and SOX2 | Upregulate Nanog, SOX2 and OCT4, and promote inhibiting stem cell-like phenotype of tumor cells | Breast cancer, NSCLC, Multiple myeloma | 110,404,405 |
| lncRNA H19 | LIN28 | Enhances upregulate LIN28, and promotes the stem-cell-like phenotype | Breast cancer | 109 |
SFPR secreted frizzled related protein, DDK1 dickkopf-1, APC adenomatous polyposis coli, JAG1 Jagged1