Table 2.
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) for cattle Y chromosome haplotypes of Indian cattle breeds.
| Groups | N | Variance components (%) | F statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Among groups | Among breeds within group | Within breed | FCT (p) | FST (p) | FSC (p) | ||
| Geographical region | |||||||
| North | 4 | −13.68 | 75.96 | 37.72 | −0.136 (>0.05) | 0.622 (<0.0001) | 0.668 (<0.0001) |
| South | 8 | ||||||
| West | 7 | ||||||
| Overall | 19 | ||||||
| Utility | |||||||
| Dairy | 7 | 41.01 | 28.21 | 30.78 | 0.410 (<0.001) | 0.692 (<0.0001) | 0.478 (<0.0001) |
| Dual | 4 | ||||||
| Draught/Draft | 8 | ||||||
| overall | 19 | ||||||
| Without grouping | |||||||
| All Bos indicus breeds under study | 19 | - | 63.87 | 36.13 | - | 0.638 (<0.0001) | - |
| MDS groups | |||||||
| Group 1 | 7 | 49.56 | 20.46 | 29.98 | 0.495 (<0.0001) | 0.700 (<0.0001) | 0.405 (<0.0001) |
| Group 2 | 4 | ||||||
| Group 3 | 8 | ||||||
| Overall | 19 | ||||||
North: Mewati, Hariana, Kherigar, Sahiwal; West: Nimari, Kankrej, Tharparkar, Nagori, Red Sindhi, Rathi, Gir; South: Malnad Gidda, Dangi, Ongole, Khillar, Punganur, Vechur, Krishna Valley, Kangayam; Dairy: Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar, Punganur*, Vechur*, Rathi; Dual: Kankrej, Mewati, Ongole, Hariana; Draft: Malnad Gidda**, Nagori, Khillar, Kangayam, Krishna Valley, Kherigar, Nimari, Dangi. Group 1: Gir, Sahiwal, Punganur, Vechur, Rathi, Tharparkar, Ongole; Group 2: Kankrej, Mewati, Hariana, Nagori; Group 3: Malnad Gidda, Khillar, Dangi, Kherigarh, Krishna Valley, Red Sindhi, Kangayam, Nimari; *Miniature dairy breed; **Miniature draft breed; Average per lactation milk yield for dairy, dual and draft Indian cattle breeds are >1700 Kg, 600–900 Kg and <600 Kg, respectively (Source: Animal Genetic Resources of India -Agri IS portal of NBAGR; www. http://www.nbagr.res.in/).