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. 2020 Jun 19;11:3130. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16915-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Time-course of δ1- (upper) and δ2-power (lower graph) at different cortical surface sites. δ2 is high at specific times during baseline (dark period) and following SD, and was highest in frontal areas, whilst derivation did not affect δ1 (δ2: 2-way rANOVA factors site × frequency bin: F_168,1008 = 1.7, p = 1.0E-6). Circles denote initial values following SD for δ2 to emphasize frontal dominance in rebound. Red squares denote post-hoc significance between F-Ref and C-Ref/P-Ref. b EEG spectra differed across recording site during initial recovery NREMS (two-way rANOVA factors site × frequency bin: F_196,1470 = 1.44, p = 2.0E-4). Black, dark gray, and light gray lines in lower panel represent post-hoc significant differences (p < 0.05; Tukey) between F–C, F–P, and C–P, respectively (n = 6). c LFP recordings following 4 h SD in multiple brain structures showed similar dynamic changes in both δ1- and δ2-power as in a. d Average length of ON- (left) and OFF- (right) states during the 1st 4 h of SD recovery as in c in the cingulate cortex shows immediate decreases after SD end (one-way rANOVA factor time; ON-state: F_15,45 = 5.39, p = 0.00001; OFF-state: F_15,45 = 7.06, p = 1.5E-07). Values are presented as means ± s.e.m.