A, Key NMR correlations for novel small molecule 1. COSY (blue bold); HMBC (red arrows); LR-HSQMBC (green arrows). B, Proposed pathway of 1-5 in E. coli. Ox., oxidation. C, Biomimetic synthesis of 2 and 3 in M9 medium (see Figure S3 for corroborating LB medium data). Metabolites 2 and 3 were produced only when both l-Cys and I3P were present. n = 3 biological replicates. Data are mean ± s.d.; n.d., not detected. D, Time-course analysis for production of metabolites 2-5 in E. coli Nissle 1917.