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. 2020 Jun 20;10:202. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-00884-5

Fig. 3. Chemogenetic activation of mPFC excitatory neurons induces ADHD-like impulsive behavior.

Fig. 3

a Schematic diagram (coronal section) showing the target of viral injection in the mPFC (top). Location of unilaterally viral hM3D (Gq) expression (red) in mPFC under control of the CaMKIIα promoter (bottom). b Current–voltage relationship of a representative mPFC neuron recorded before and during 5 μM CNO perfusion. Raw traces show individual voltage responses to a series of 600-ms current pulses from 0 to 360 pA with 20 pA steps. c CNO decreased the minimal injected current to induce action potential (AP). (n = 10, Paired Student’s t test). d The number of induced action potentials at different current steps. (n = 10, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison post hoc tests.). e Representative movement traces showing the locations of mcherry-expressing (top) and hM3Dq-expressing in the air-exposure mice (bottom) in a cliff avoidance reaction test following CNO (1 mg/kg) administration. f, g Quantification of the number of cumulative cliff jumping events (left) and the latency (right) of the first jump from the cliff in the mcherry group and hM3Dq group (n = 7 per group; Mann–Whitney U test for the number; Unpaired Student’s t test for the latency). h, i Quantification of the number of cumulative cliff jumping events (left) and the latency (right) of the first jump from the cliff in the baseline group and hM3Dq group.(n = 7; Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test). j–l Quantification of the EPM results of the time spent in the open arms, open arms entries, freezing time of hM3Dq and mcherry group after chemogenetic activation of mPFC glutamatergic neurons. (n = 7; Unpaired Student’s t test). Data = mean ± SEM; n.s. no significance, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.