Pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by MCT is inhibited by dichloroacetate and atorvastatin combination therapy. (a, b) Measurement of RVSP and right ventricular hypertrophy in each treatment group (n = 6). (c, d) Representative images of pulmonary artery remodeling in each group; arrows indicate representative vessels. (c) Elastic Van Gieson staining and (d) Hematoxylin and eosin staining. Scale bars, 100 μm. (e, f) Quantification of remodeled vessels. (e) Medial wall thickness (n = 15) and (f) percentage of nonmuscularized or partially muscularized or fully muscularized arteries at alveolar and duct levels (n = 30). ∗ and ∗∗∗ indicate P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively, comparing the control group; #, ##, and ### indicate P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively, comparing the MCT group. MCT: monocrotaline; RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; RV/(LV+S): right ventricular/(left ventricular + septum); H&E: hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bars represent mean ± SEM.