Fig. 1.
Helpless mice show altered PER2::LUC circadian rhythms in the NAc. (A and B) Graphs show escape latency and number of escape failures of resilient mice (yellow circles), defined as those showing escape latencies shorter than 10 s and fewer than four escape failures; all other mice were defined as helpless (male: blue circles, female: pink circles). Thresholds are shown as dashed lines. (C) Representative PER2::LUC rhythms of NAc explants from male helpless (blue) and resilient (black) mice. (D) Representative PER2::LUC rhythms of NAc explants from female helpless (pink) and resilient (black) mice. (E and H) Data are shown as percentages of slices that were significantly rhythmic; **P < 0.01, Fisher’s exact test. (F and G) Data show PER2 period and acrophase in the NAc of male mice. Data are shown as means ± SEM; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni posttest. (I and J) Data show PER2 period and acrophase in the NAc of female mice. For I and J, data are shown as in F and G, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Each circle represents one mouse.