Table 2.
Clinical characteristics in the dipper group and nondipper group.
| Characteristics | Control | Hypertension | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dipper | Nondipper | ||
| Age (years) | 48.2 ± 9.4 | 48.0 ± 10.1 | 47.5 ± 8.9 |
| Male (n, %) | 66 (66.0) | 167 (69.6) | 120 (75.0) |
| Smoking (n, %) | 33 (33.0) | 78 (32.5) | 77 (48.1)∗,# |
| History (years) | — | 9.9 ± 7.5 | 10.5 ± 8.8 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 111 ± 11 | 167 ± 15∗ | 163 ± 11∗,# |
| DBP (mmHg) | 74 ± 8 | 94 ± 9∗ | 96 ± 10∗ |
| HR (HR) | 68 ± 6 | 71 ± 9∗ | 68 ± 8# |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 3.1 | 24.5 ± 2.8 | 25.0 ± 3.4 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.4 ± 0.8 | 4.5 ± 0.9 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.2 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3∗ | 1.2 ± 0.4 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 0.9 |
| Glu (mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.9 |
| HbAlc (%) | 4.7 ± 0.8 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 0.9 |
| CRRA (μmol/L) | 71 ± 11 | 90 ± 18∗ | 97 ± 23∗,# |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 7.4 ± 4.6∗ | 5.4 ± 2.9∗,# |
| Hcy (pg/mL) | 10.6 ± 3.4 | 15.1 ± 5.7∗ | 15.6 ± 6.4∗ |
| Ang II (pg/mL) | 34.9 ± 14.1 | 57.1 ± 24.7∗ | 58.1 ± 26.2∗ |
| CAP | — | 109 (45.4) | 91 (56.9)∗ |
| Medical treatments (n, %) | |||
| ACEI/ARB | — | 146 (60.8) | 98 (61.2) |
| β-Blocker | — | 101 (40.1) | 78 (48.8) |
| CCB | — | 200 (83.3) | 138 (86.3) |
| Diuretics | — | 141 (58.8) | 101 (63.1) |
∗ p < 0 05 vs. the control group; #p < 0 05 vs. the dipper group.