Table 1.

Published phase II clinical trials involving HCQ

Trial	Disease	Comments	Reference
Phase II HCQ	Previously treated stage IV pancreatic cancer	0% response rate	Wolpin Oncologist 2014 (121)
Phase I/II temozolomide/radiation + HCQ	Frontline glioma	Addition of HCQ provided no survival benefit	Rosenfeld Autophagy 2014 (129)
Phase I/II neoadjuvant gemcitabine + HCQ	Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer	Well tolerated; 61% CA19–9 decrease; 70% R0 resection; modulation of autophagy correlated with disease-free survival	Boone Ann Surg Oncol 2015 (135)
Phase II vorinostat + HCQ	Heavily pretreated stage IV colon cancer	5/19 patients stable disease, Decrease in Tregs in serial biopsies compared to baseline	Patel Oncotarget 2016 (132)
Phase II trial of everolimus and HCQ	Previously treated stage IV renal cell carcinoma	Well tolerated; modest increase in PFS compared to historical control	Haas Clin Cancer Res 2019 (133)
Randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine abraxane with or without HCQ	Stage IV frontline pancreas cancer	Well tolerated; significant increase in response rate in HCQ treated patients, no difference in OS	Karasic JAMA Oncol 2019 (137)