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. 2020 Feb 19;69(7):1258–1268. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320438

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and changes in dietary and metabolic variables. (A) Box plots showing MD index score for controls (ConD) or treated subjects (MedD) during the intervention, the significance was tested by applying the post hoc Friedman-Nemenyi test for pairwise test of multiple comparisons within each group. (B) Percentage changes in dietary and metabolic variables are represented as spider chart. Changes in levels of dietary components consumption including (C) dietary fibre, (D) vegetable proteins/animal proteins ratio, (E) saturated to polyunsaturated fats ratio. Reduction in serum and urinary markers such as (F) plasma carnitine, (G) urinary carnitine and (H) total cholesterol. The significance was tested by applying unpaired Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for variation at the specific time point compared with baseline in MedD versus ConD. Orange boxes refer to controls and green boxes to Mediterranean subjects, respectively. Baseline, 0 weeks; 4w, 4 weeks; 8w, 8 weeks of nutritional intervention (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001).