TABLE 2.
HRs (95% CIs) for serum magnesium and risk of coronary artery disease, overall and stratified by sex: the ARIC study, 1987–20171
| Quintiles of serum magnesium | HR per 1-SD decrement3 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | P-trend2 | ||
| Median (range), mEq/L | 1.45 (0.60–1.50) | 1.55 (1.55 to <1.60) | 1.65 (1.60 to <1.70) | 1.70 (1.70 to <1.75) | 1.80 (1.75–2.35) | ||
| Overall (n = 14,446) | |||||||
| No. events/total | 599/3278 | 390/2669 | 430/3094 | 369/2726 | 343/2679 | ||
| Incidence rate4 | 8.76 | 6.29 | 6.13 | 5.87 | 5.47 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.69 (1.47, 1.93) | 1.20 (1.04, 1.39) | 1.13 (0.98, 1.31) | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.18, 1.29) |
| Model 2 | 1.55 (1.35, 1.79) | 1.17 (1.01, 1.36) | 1.12 (0.97, 1.29) | 1.09 (0.94, 1.27) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.19 (1.14, 1.24) |
| Model 3 | 1.28 (1.11, 1.47) | 1.12 (0.96, 1.30) | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | 1.08 (0.93, 1.26) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.05, 1.15) |
| Women (n = 8173) | |||||||
| No. events/total | 318/1986 | 178/1562 | 177/1706 | 147/1467 | 124/1452 | ||
| Incidence rate4 | 7.25 | 4.69 | 4.37 | 4.21 | 3.47 | ||
| Model 1 | 2.17 (1.75, 2.68) | 1.46 (1.16, 1.84) | 1.33 (1.06, 1.67) | 1.26 (0.99, 1.60) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.27, 1.44) |
| Model 2 | 1.98 (1.59, 2.46) | 1.45 (1.14, 1.83) | 1.29 (1.02, 1.63) | 1.26 (0.99, 1.62) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.31 (1.22, 1.39) |
| Model 3 | 1.53 (1.22, 1.92) | 1.36 (1.07, 1.72) | 1.18 (0.93, 1.49) | 1.23 (0.96, 1.57) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.10, 1.25) |
| Men (n = 6273) | |||||||
| No. events/total | 281/1292 | 212/1107 | 253/1388 | 222/1259 | 219/1227 | ||
| Incidence rate4 | 11.48 | 8.80 | 8.54 | 7.94 | 8.10 | ||
| Model 1 | 1.40 (1.17, 1.68) | 1.06 (0.88, 1.28) | 1.03 (0.86, 1.24) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.18) | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | 1.13 (1.07, 1.20) |
| Model 2 | 1.31 (1.09, 1.58) | 1.03 (0.85, 1.24) | 1.01 (0.84, 1.22) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.19) | 1 (ref) | 0.005 | 1.11 (1.04, 1.18) |
| Model 3 | 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.19) | 1.02 (0.85, 1.23) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.20) | 1 (ref) | 0.36 | 1.04 (0.98, 1.11) |
n = 14,446. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, and race-center; not adjusted for sex in stratified analyses. Model 2 = Model 1 also adjusted for baseline BMI, education, physical activity, drinking status, ethanol intake (grams per week), smoking status, and pack-years of smoking. Model 3 = Model 2 also adjusted for diabetes, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, lipid-lowering medication use, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, estimated glomerular filtration rate categories, and hormone therapy use (in women only). ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities.
P values are based on linear trends across quintiles of serum magnesium.
One SD of serum magnesium = 0.14 mEq/L.
Unadjusted incidence rate per 1000 person-years.