Table 1.

Gartland and Werley classification

Items	Point
Residual deformity (0–3 points)
Prominent ulnar styloid	1
Palmar tilt deformity	2
Radial deviation deformity	2 or 3
Subjective evaluation (0–6 points)
Excellent: no pain, disability, or limitation of motion	0
Good: occasional pain, some limitation of motion, and weakness of wrist	2
Fair: pain, limitation of motion	4
Poor: pain, activities markedly restricted	6
Objective evaluation (0–5 points)
Loss of extension (<45°)	5
Loss of ulnar deviation (<15°)	3
Loss of supination (<50°)	2
Loss of flexion (<30°)	1
Loss of radial deviation (<15°)	1
Loss of circumduction	1
Pain in distal radioulnar joint	1
Grip strength: 60% or less than on the opposite side	1
Loss of pronation	2
Complications (0–5 points)
Arthritic change
Minimum	1
Minimum with pain	3
Moderate	2
Moderate with pain	4
Severe	3
Severe with pain	5
Nerve complications (median nerve)	1 or 3
Poor finger function due to cast	1 or 2
Final results
Excellent	0–2
Good	3–8
Fair	9–20
Poor	≥21