Table 4.
Multivariate analysis showing factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 among Ugandan medical students.
| Variable | Knowledge | Attitude | Practices | ||||
| aORa (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Sex | |||||||
|
|
Male | 1 | N/Ab | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A |
|
|
Female | 0.7 (0.4-1.2) | .18 | 0.7 (0.5-1) | .04 | 1.1 (0.8-1.5) | .61 |
| Age (years) | |||||||
|
|
18-23 | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A |
|
|
≥24 | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | .66 | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | .49 | 1.5 (1.1-2.1) | .02 |
| University | |||||||
|
|
Busitema University | 1.1 (0.3-3.6) | .88 | 1.2 (0.7-2.2) | .56 | 1.4 (0.8-2.4) | .25 |
|
|
Gulu University | 0.3 (0.1-1) | .05 | 1.5 (0.7-3.1) | .29 | 1 (0.5-1.9) | .98 |
|
|
Islamic University in Uganda | 0.4 (0.2-1.1) | .07 | 1.3 (0.7-2.3) | .38 | 1.7 (1-2.8) | .06 |
|
|
Kabale University | 0.5 (0.2-1.3) | .14 | 2.1 (1.1-4.1) | .03 | 2.2 (1.3-3.9) | .01 |
|
|
Kampala International University | 0.6 (0.2-1.9) | .40 | 1.9 (0.9-3.6) | .07 | 2.4 (1.3-4.5) | <.001 |
|
|
King Caesar University | 0.7 (0.1-3.5) | .64 | 2.1 (0.7-6.1) | .16 | 2.3 (1-5.4) | .06 |
|
|
Makerere University | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A |
|
|
Mbarara University of Science and Technology | 0.5 (0.2-1.6) | .25 | 1 (0.5-1.9) | >.99 | 1.4 (0.8-2.6) | .25 |
|
|
Soroti University | 2.8 (0.3-27.4) | .38 | 1.3 (0.4-4.4) | .72 | 1.6 (0.5-5.1) | .41 |
| Program | |||||||
|
|
Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A |
|
|
Bachelor of Dental Surgery | 0.3 (0.1-1.3) | .10 | 0.5 (0.2-1.2) | .12 | 0.9 (0.4-2.4) | .87 |
|
|
Bachelor of Nursing | 0.5 (0.2-1.1) | .07 | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) | .25 | 1.2 (0.7-2.1) | .57 |
|
|
Bachelor of Pharmacy | 0.3 (0.1-1.1) | .06 | 0.7 (0.3-1.6) | .35 | 2.9 (1.2-7.1) | .02 |
| Year of study | |||||||
|
|
1st | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A | 1 | N/A |
|
|
2nd | 1.4 (0.7-3) | .39 | 0.9 (0.5-1.8) | .86 | 1 (0.6-1.7) | >.99 |
|
|
3rd | 1.5 (0.7-3.4) | .33 | 0.8 (0.4-1.6) | .60 | 1 (0.5-1.7) | .91 |
|
|
4th | 4.1 (1.6-10.3) | <.001 | 1 (0.5-1.9) | .96 | 0.8 (0.5-1.5) | .55 |
|
|
5th | 2.5 (0.8-8) | .12 | 0.7 (0.3-1.5) | .38 | 1 (0.5-2) | .94 |
| Source of information on COVID-19c | |||||||
|
|
Webinar | 0.7 (0.3-1.6) | .44 | 0.8 (0.5-1.4) | .50 | 1.2 (0.8-2) | .37 |
|
|
TV or radio | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | .67 | 1.7 (1.1-2.6) | .01 | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | .47 |
|
|
Journal and articles | 1.3 (0.7-2.5) | .36 | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | .20 | 1.4 (1-2) | .06 |
|
|
Social media | 1.6 (0.9-2.8) | .13 | 1.1 (0.7-1.7) | .58 | 1.1 (0.8-1.6) | .66 |
|
|
Websites | 1.3 (0.7-2.2) | .40 | 0.8 (0.5-1.1) | .22 | 1.1 (0.8-1.6) | .44 |
|
|
Online courses | 2.1 (0.7-6.4) | .20 | 1.2 (0.7-2.1) | .56 | 1.8 (1.1-3.2) | .03 |
aaOR: adjusted odds ratio.
bNot applicable.
cCOVID-19: coronavirus disease.