Figure 3. Effect of valsartan and LCZ696 on renal inflammatory bio-markers including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (A), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (B), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (C) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) (D) in STZ-induced diabetic rats (n= 6 per group).

Statistically significant difference: ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 versus NC group and ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 versus DC group. (ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test). NC, Normal Control; DC, Diabetic Control; NV, normal valsartan; NSV, normal sacubitril/valsartan; DV, diabetic valsartan; DSV, Diabetic sacubitril/valsartan.