Table 3:
Causes of cardiac arrest with and without right ventricular ECG strain pattern
| Development Cohort | Validation Cohort | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Cause* | RV Strain (n = 35) |
No RV Strain (n = 38) |
RV Strain (n = 21) |
No RV Strain (n = 19) |
| Respiratory, n (%) | 28 (80) | 13 (34) | 17 (81) | 8 (42) |
| Un-intubated, n(%) | 15 (42) | 8 (21) | 7 (33) | 5 (26) |
| Intubated, n(%) | 9 (35) | 1 (3) | 5 (24) | 2 (11) |
| ARDS, n(%) | 2 (6) | 4 (10) | 3 (14) | 1 (5) |
| Pulmonary embolism, n(%) | 2 (6) | 0 | 2 (10) | 0 |
| Non-Respiratory, n (%) | 7 (17) | 25 (66) | 4 (19) | 11 (58) |
| Metabolic acidosis, n(%) | 3 (9) | 8 (21) | 0 | 7 (37) |
| Distributive shock, n(%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 |
| Haemorrhagic shock, n(%) | 1 (3)† | 5 (13) | 2 (10)† | 2 (11) |
| Cardiogenic shock, n(%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 |
| Obstructive shock, n(%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 1 (5) |
| Multiorgan failure, n(%) | 2 (6) | 7 (18) | 1 (5) | 0 |
| Myocardial infarction, n(%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 1 (5)‡ | 1 (5) |
| Conduction disorder (primary), n(%) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 |
| Vagal, n(%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Other, n(%) | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*
Only cases where the level of confidence in diagnosis of the clinical cause was rated as 3 (most likely cause identified though other less likely competing causes were present) or 4 (cause clearly identified)
†
assive upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding with aspiration of blood clearly documented
‡
Patient with known coronary artery disease with cardiac arrest in post-operative setting. Probable diagnosis based on elevated troponin with subsequent fall, no coronary angiogram or autopsy performed
Abbreviations. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome