Table 5.

Multivariable Linear Regression Models of Relationship Between Lactation, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Among Women with a History of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (Adjusted)

	Model 1a			Model 2b
	LSMdiff	95% CI	p	LSMdiff	95% CI	p
Systolic BP (mmHg)
Some lactationc	−6.65	−13.7 to 0.47	0.070	−3.69	−10.8 to 3.44	0.313
Lactation ≥6 months	−4.17	−12.3 to 4.05	0.322	−1.55	−9.58 to 6.48	0.706
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
Some lactation	−8.31	−13.9 to −2.68	0.005	−5.83	−10.9 to −0.75	0.026
Lactation ≥6 months	−4.73	−12.0 to 2.62	0.210	−2.54	−9.49 to 4.42	0.476
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
Some lactation	11.6	−6.09 to 29.4	0.201	13.9	−4.24 to 32.2	0.136
Lactation ≥6 months	7.15	−16.7 to 31.0	0.559	9.19	−15.7 to 34.1	0.472
LDL (mg/dL)
Some lactation	10.8	−2.78 to 24.5	0.122	12.7	−1.60 to 27.1	0.085
Lactation ≥6 months	6.76	−11.8 to 25.3	0.477	8.46	−11.0 to 27.9	0.398
HDL (mg/dL)
Some lactation	−2.24	−8.85 to 4.37	0.508	−4.73	−11.0 to 1.54	0.142
Lactation ≥6 months	−1.85	−9.55 to 5.86	0.640	−4.05	−11.0 to 3.54	0.298
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
Some lactation	15.3	−18.1 to 48.7	0.372	28.7	−10.5 to 67.9	0.155
Lactation ≥6 months	9.60	−27.6 to 46.8	0.614	21.4	−24.2 to 67.2	0.360
Glucose (mg/dL)
Some lactation	−9.61	−26.2 to 7.00	0.259	−8.64	−25.0 to 8.56	0.327
Lactation ≥6 months	−8.67	−25.2 to 7.89	0.307	−7.80	−24.9 to 9.30	0.373
CCA IMT (mm)
Some lactation	0.07	0.02–0.11	0.004	0.07	0.03–0.12	0.003
Lactation ≥6 months	0.06	−0.00 to 0.12	0.053	0.07	0.01–0.13	0.036
ICA IMT (mm)
Some lactation	0.03	−0.03 to 0.10	0.306	0.04	−0.02 to 0.11	0.198
Lactation ≥6 months	−0.03	−0.11 to 0.06	0.507	−0.02	−0.10 to 0.07	0.676
Bulb IMT (mm)
Some lactation	0.09	−0.00 to 0.18	0.062	0.10	0.00–0.20	0.043
Lactation ≥6 months	0.07	−0.06 to 0.21	0.329	0.09	−0.06 to 0.23	0.262
Mean IMT (mm)
Some lactation	0.07	0.025–0.11	0.002	0.08	0.03–0.12	0.001
Lactation ≥6 months	0.04	−0.02 to 0.11	0.209	0.05	−0.01 to 0.12	0.137
AD (mm)
Some lactation	−0.01	−0.24 to 0.23	0.937	0.06	−0.19 to 0.31	0.634
Lactation ≥6 months	−0.10	−0.40 to 0.21	0.528	−0.03	−0.34 to 0.28	0.842

^aAdjusted for age, race, income, education, smoking, time from last pregnancy, and total lifetime parity.

^bAdjusted for Model 1+BMI.

^cNever lactated is the reference group.