Table 3. SAR Exploration of Aliphatic and Heterocyclic Analogues.

^aMean of ≥3 independent experiments ± standard error. Efficacy (E_max) is relative to maximal response of propionate.

^bcAMP assay in the presence of 1 μM propionate.

^cCalculated by ChemDraw Professional version 16.

^dPreviously published.³¹