(A) Graft survival of DA heart in recipients with or without CTTI. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed significantly prolonged graft survival from animals with or without CTTI and syngeneic controls (LW heart into LW rat) compared with LW rats with DA heart transplants without immunosuppression/thymectomy (DA control). (B) Representative scanned image of explanted DA heart graft on day 180 from animals with and without CTTI. Images were adapted from whole slide scan. (C) ISHLT grading showed a significant reduction of rejection in both recipients with CTTI and without CTTI compared with DA control with no immunosuppression (n = 3–4 per group). Turkey test, ***P < 0.001; NS, not significant (P > 0.05). DA, Dark Agouti; CTTI, cultured thymus tissue implantation; LW, Lewis; ISHLT, International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.