| DPCP | dual principal pursuit |
| DPCP-d | Denoised-DPCP |
| DPCP-IRLS | Iteratively-Reweighted-Least-Squares algorithm |
| DPCP-PSGM | Projected subgradient-based algorithm for solving DPCP |
| GPM | gradient projection method |
| MSP | matching, stretching, and projection |
| PenNM | penalty model for -norm maximization |
| PenNMF | first-order algorithm for solving our penalty model |
| RANSAC | Random Sampling and Consensus |
| SDL | Sparse dictionary learning |