Table 1. Anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19 patients.
| First
author |
Country | Study design | Total
sample |
Mean age | Men
proportion |
COVID-19
proportion |
Method of
smell problems evaluation |
Proportion of smell
problems in COVID-19 |
Method
of taste problems evaluation |
Proportion of
taste problems in COVID+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lechein | Belgium;
France; Spain; Italy |
Cross-sectional | 417 | 36.9 | 36.9 | 1.00 | Consultation
or online questionnaire for house-bound patients |
Anosmia = 68.1%
(284/417); Hyposmia = 17.5% (73/417) |
Consultation
or online questionnaire for house- bound patients |
Reduced/
discontinued taste = 78.9%; Distorted taste = 21.1% |
| Moein | Iran | Cross-sectional
study in which COVID-19 cases were 1:1 matched with people of a previous study |
120 | 46.5
(among COVID-19 patients) |
66.6
(among COVID-19 patients) |
0.5 | University of
Pennsylvania Smell identification Test (UPSIT) assisted by a trained examiner |
Normosmia = 2%
(1/60); Mild microsmia = 13% (8/60); Moderate microsmia = 27% (16/60); Severe microsmia = 33% (20/60); Anosmia = 25% (15/60) |
Not reported | Not reported |
| Yan | USA | Cross-sectional | 262 | 17.6%
(60+ years) |
37.4 | 22.5 | Questionnaire
through email |
Anosmia = 22% (13/59) | Questionnaire
through email |
Ageusia= 20.3%
(12/59) |
| Levinson | Israel | Cross-sectional | 42 | 34.0 | 54.8 | 1.00 | Questionnaire
through mobile phone or email |
Anosmia= 35.7%
(15/42) |
Questionnaire
through mobile phone or email |
Dysgeusia= 33.3%
(14/42) |
| Mao | China | Case series | 214 | 52.7 | 40.7 | 1.00 | Electronic medical
records based on the evaluation of two neurologists |
Smell Impairment=
5.1% (11/214) |
Electronic
medical records based on the evaluation of two neurologists |
Taste impairment=
5.6% (12/214) |
| Menni | UK | Cross-sectional | 1702 | 41.1 | 28.0 | 34.0 | Questionnaire
through mobile app |
Loss of taste and smell
= 59.4% (343/579) |
Questionnaire
through mobile app |
Loss of taste and
smell = 59.4% (343/579) |