Table 4:
Oral Health Outcomes at Baseline
| Total Caregiver Report N=420 | Total Observed N=420 | |
|---|---|---|
| Child’s brushing frequency (%) | ||
| Never/has not started | 25 (6.0) | |
| Sometimes, but not everyday | 64 (15.2) | |
| Once a day | 142 (33.8) | |
| Twice a day | 168 (40.0) | |
| More than twice a day | 21 (5.0) | |
| OHI-MIS plaque score,1 mean (SD) n=419 | 1.9 (0.6) | |
| Age child started brushing teeth (months), mean (SD) n=394 | 9.6 (4.9) | |
| Do adults help with brushing (%)2 | ||
| No, child brushes alone | 11 (2.6) | |
| Sometimes | 71 (17.0) | |
| Most of the time | 80 (19.0) | |
| Always | 233 (55.5) | |
| Actual parent involvement (%)n=348 | ||
| Parent did all brushing | 226 (64.9) | |
| Both parent and child participated in brushing | 108 (31.0) | |
| Parent wiped, teeth not brushed | 12 (3.5) | |
| Child refused brushing | 2 (0.6) | |
| Length of brushing (%)2 | Caregiver reported | Observed, mean seconds (SD) n=347 |
| 0-59 seconds | 128 (30.5) | |
| 60-119 seconds | 137 (32.6) | |
| 120 or more seconds | 128 (30.5) | 83.6 (59.0) |
| Don’t know | 2 (0.5) | |
| Age started using toothpaste in months, mean (SD) n=348 | 12.7 (4.8) | |
| Toothpaste has fluoride (%) | Caregiver reported | Observed n=348 |
| Child does not brush/use toothpaste | 72 (17.1) | 54 (15.5) |
| No | 80 (19.1) | 99 (28.5) |
| Yes | 93 (22.2) | 195 (56.0) |
| Don’t know | 175 (41.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Amount of toothpaste used (%) | Observed n=342 | |
| Does not brush/use toothpaste | 72 (17.1) | 54 (15.8) |
| Smear | 220 (52.4) | 134 (39.2) |
| Pea sized | 94 (22.4) | 99 (29.0) |
| Half load or covers half the brush | 24 (5.7) | 33 (9.7) |
| Full load or covers the full brush | 9 (2.1) | 22 (6.4) |
| Don’t know | 1 (0.2) | 0.0 |
| Length since child’s last dental visit (%) n=419 | ||
| Never has been | 250 (59.7) | |
| ≤ 6 months | 139 (33.2) | |
| > 6 months but < 1 year | 17 (4.1) | |
| > 1 year but < 2 years | 13 (3.1) | |
| Child needed dental care but could not get it in the past 12 months (%) | 31 (7.4) | |
| Reasons (N=31): | ||
| Cost/no insurance coverage | 14 (45.2) | |
| Caregiver too busy/no time | 6 (19.4) | |
| Another dentist recommended not to | 6 (19.4) | |
| Afraid/did not think anything was wrong | 5 (16.1) | |
| Child has had dental cavity or tooth decay (%) | 18 (4.3) | |
| Child put to sleep in clinic or hospital due to cavity or toothache (%) | 3 (0.7) | |
| Child oral health quality of life.3 median (IQR) | 2.0 (5.0) | |