Table 2.

Cases of tuberculosis (TB) and incidence rate (IR) in patients receiving targeted synthetic DMARDs.

Targeted synthetic DMARDs
Drug	Disease	Study type	No~	Pt-yrs	Active TB cases	IR§	Rate general population*	Reference
Apremilast	PsO	RCT, LTE	1184	3671.3	0	0.0	International	Crowley et al.39
Apremilast	PsA	RCT	1644	NA	0	0.0	International	Cutolo et al.35; Edwards et al.36; Kavanaugh et al.37; Wells et al.38
Apremilast	PsA	RLS	202	101.0	0	0.0	7.0 (Italy)	Abignano et al.40; Favalli et al.41
Tofacitinib	RA	RCT, LTE	5671	12,664.0	26	210.0	International	Winthrop et al.47
Tofacitinib	RA	RCT, LTE	6194	19,406.0	36	200.0	International	Cohen, et al.49
Tofacitinib	PsA	RCT	394	NA	0	0.0	International	Gladman et al.50
Tofacitinib	PsA	RCT	316	NA	0	0.0	International	Mease et al.51
Tofacitinib	UC	RCT	1157	1612.8	0	0.0	International	Sandborn et al.54
Baricitinib	RA	RCT, LTE	3492	6636.7	10	150.0	International	Smolen et al.56
Baricitinib	RA	RCT, LTE	740	1294	3	230.0	East Asia	Chen et al.57
Baricitinib	RA	RCT, LTE	540	851.5	0	0.0	14.0 (Japan)	Harigai et al.58
Baricitinib	RA	LTE	201	433.9	0	0.0	International	Keystone et al.59
Upatacitinib	RA	RCT	2022	NA	1	NA	International	Burmester et al.60; Fleischmann et al.61; Genovese et al.62; Smolen et al.63
Filgotinib	RA	RCT	1128	NA	0	0.0	International	Genovese et al.65; Kavanaugh et al.66; Westhovens et al.68
Peficitinib	RA	RCT	545	NA	0	0.0	International	Genovese et al.64; Kivitz et al.67

^~Number of patients included in the study.

^§per 100,000 patient-years.

^*IR for TB infection in general population of certain country per 100,000 population.

DMARDs, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; LTE, long-term extension; NA, not applicable; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; PsO, psoriasis; Pt-yrs, patient-years; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RCT, randomized control trial; RLS, real-life study; UC, ulcerative colitis.