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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 23.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2019 Nov 1;366(6465):628–631. doi: 10.1126/science.aax5440

Fig. 3: CSF flow oscillations are anticorrelated to a hemodynamic oscillation in the cortical gray matter that appears during sleep, with CSF flow increasing when blood volume decreases.

Fig. 3:

A) Example timeseries of the cortical gray matter BOLD signal and the mean CSF signal from one subject. During wake, signals are low-amplitude and synchronized to respiration (0.25 Hz). B) During sleep, a large-amplitude BOLD oscillation appears, and its timecourse is coupled to the ventricle CSF signal (~0.05 Hz). C) The mean cortical gray matter BOLD signal power increases during sleep (n=11 subjects for pairwise test). D) The mean cross-correlation between the zero-thresholded negative derivative of BOLD and CSF signals shows strong correlation (n=176 segments, 13 subjects). Shaded blue is standard error across segments; black dashed line is 95% interval of shuffled distribution. E) Example timeseries showing the correlation, suggesting that CSF flows up the fourth ventricle when cerebral blood volume decreases.