upper: Phrenic neurogram (arbitrary units) tracings before and after injection of AMPA (50μM, 70nl) into the Parabrachial Nucleus (PBN, left) and adjacent Kölliker-Fuse Nucleus (KF, right). Lower: Pooled data from 15 injections into adjacent PBN - KF pairs showed that AMPA decreased inspiratory (TI) and expiratory (TE) duration in the PBN while it increased both phases in the KF. 2-way RM ANOVA, factors: injections site, drug. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***: p<0.001.