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. 2020 Jun 22;15:133. doi: 10.1186/s11671-020-03348-3

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

Total amount of oleanolic acid in PMO-G, PMO-H, oleanolic acid, and Tween 80 mixture dispersed in distilled water (Otw) and oleanolic acid and propylene glycol mixture dispersed in distilled water (OPG) permeated through skin and the amount of oleanolic acid in each formulation as a function of time. Amount of oleanolic acid remained in the skin after 24 h: 36.74 ± 0.72% (PMO-G), 56.22 ± 13.50% (PMO-H), 27.44 ± 7.02% (Otw), and 26.28 ± 5.42% (OPG). Amount of oleanolic acid permeated after 24 h: 21.39 ± 5.91% (PMO-G), 29.49 ± 4.00% (PMO-H), 13.66 ± 0.81% (Otw), and 5.90 ± 2.67% (OPG)