Table 4.
Factors associated with CHE and proportion of CHE among subgroups of patients attending cancer treatment services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018
| Variables | Proportion of CHE N, % (95% CI) |
COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type of Health Facility | |||
| Private | 16, 76.2 (53.3–89.9) | 1.11 (0.39–3.11) | 1.29 (0.38–4.40) |
| Publica | 246, 74.3 (69.3–78.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Type of cancer | |||
| Breast cancer | 94, 72.3 (63.9–79.4) | 1.10 (0.55–2.14) | 0.72 (0.31–1.66) |
| Colorectal cancer | 32, 69.6 (54.7–81.2) | 0.95 (0.41–2.21) | 0.68 (0.22–2.10) |
| NPC | 11, 84.6 (53.3–96.3) | 2.28 (0.46–11.40) | 2.92 (0.41–20.7) |
| Others | 84, 80.0 (71.2–86.6) | 1.66 (0.79–3.48) | 1.33 (0.52–3.43) |
| Cervical cancera | 41, 70.7 (57.6–81.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cycles of chemotherapy taken | |||
| ≤ 3 cycles | 71, 73.2 (63.4–81.1) | 1.21 (0.54–2.74) | 1.25 (0.47–3.35) |
| 4–6 cycles | 113, 72.9 (65.3–79.3) | 1.20 (0.55–2.57) | 1.31 (0.52–3.43) |
| > 6 cycles | 51, 83.6 (72.0–91.0) | 2.27 (0.87–5.92) | 3.64 (1.11–11.92) |
| On other treatment optionsa | 27, 69.2 (53.0–81.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Private health facility visit | |||
| No | 97, 75.2 (67.0–82.0) | 1.06 (0.65–1.75) | 1.19 (0.66–2.13) |
| Yesa | 165, 74.0 (67.8–79.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Age | – | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) |
| Household size | – | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 72, 76.6 (66.9–84.1) | 1.17 (0.67–2.03) | 1.01 (0.41–2.46) |
| Femalea | 190, 73.6 (67.9–78.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 26, 76.5 (59.2–87.9) | 1.14 (0.50–2.63) | 1.91 (0.60–6.13) |
| Divorced | 14, 73.7 (49.4–88.9) | 0.98 (0.34–2.82) | 1.20 (0.34–4.20) |
| Widowed | 11, 78.6 (49.2–93.2) | 1.29 (0.35–4.74) | 1.48 (0.31–6.96) |
| Marrieda | 211, 74.0 (68.6–78.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Residence | |||
| Out of Addis Ababa | 158, 75.6 (69.3–81.0) | 1.16 (0.72–1.89) | 1.07 (0.61–1.86) |
| In Addis Ababaa | 104, 72.7 (64.8–79.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Level of Education | |||
| No formal education | 93, 73.2 (64.8–80.2) | 0.93 (0.53–1.64) | 0.47 (0.18–1.26) |
| Grade 1–8 | 28, 82.4 (65.5–92.0) | 1.59 (0.60–4.20) | 0.99 (0.30–3.26) |
| Grade 9–12 | 50, 72.5 (60.7–81.8) | 0.89 (0.46–1.75) | 0.59 (0.25–1.42) |
| College and abovea | 91, 74.6 (66.1–81.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Occupation | |||
| Own private business | 39, 79.6 (65.8–88.7) | 1.40 (0.62–3.20) | 2.21 (0.79–6.17) |
| Housewife/Husband | 107, 77.0 (69.2–83.3) | 1.21 (0.67–2.17) | 2.30 (0.87–6.01) |
| Retired | 22, 61.1 (44.5–75.6) | 0.56 (0.25–1.26) | 0.48 (0.17–1.33) |
| Others | 19, 73.1 (52.8–86.8) | 0.98 (0.37–2.58) | 1.17 (0.30–4.55) |
| Employed private/governmenta | 75, 73.5 (64.1–81.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Income quintile | |||
| Lowest | 49, 66.2 (54.6–76.1) | 1.04 (0.52–2.09) | 0.85 (0.18–3.86) |
| Second | 58, 78.4 (67.4–86.4) | 1.93 (0.92–4.06) | 1.30 (0.38–4.38) |
| Middle | 50, 78.1 (66.2–86.7) | 1.91 (0.88–4.12) | 1.21 (0.41–3.57) |
| Fourth | 60, 84.5 (74.0–91.3) | 2.91 (1.29–6.55) | 2.66 (0.97–7.29) |
| Highesta | 45, 65.2 (53.2–75.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Expenditure quintile | |||
| Lowest | 48, 67.6 (55.8–77.5) | 1.27 (0.58–2.58) | 1.49 (0.30–7.34) |
| Second | 51, 72.8 (61.2–82.1) | 1.58 (0.74–3.38) | 1.52 (0.42–5.50) |
| Middle | 62, 86.1 (75.9–92.4) | 3.65 (1.53–8.68) | 3.04 (0.91–10.17) |
| Fourth | 67, 78.8 (68.7–86.3) | 2.19 (1.02–4.67) | 1.49 (0.52–4.33) |
| Highesta | 34, 63.0 (49.3–74.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
a: reference group; Bold: significant association at 95% CI (COR and AOR); AOR Adjusted odds ratio; COR:Crude odds ratio