Fig. 1.

Different levels of VEGFA expression in two human cohorts, in vitro and in xenograft mice. Analysis of VEGFA mRNA expression in gliomas grouped according to histological type and grade a by transcriptomic technologies (TCGA cohort, n = 981) and b by QRT-PCR (our cohort, n = 101). Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on VEGFA expression values: high (green) and low (brown). c Representative images from the immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of VEGFA in patient tissue microarrays (TMAs). Samples from epileptic patients were used as controls. Scale bar, 300 μm. d Quantification of the IHC analysis of VEGFA expression in our cohort. Staining was scored as follows: 0 = rare, 1 = localized, and 2 = diffuse. Data are expressed as the percentage of the number of positive cases/total number of specimens. e VEGFA serum concentration (pg/ml) prior to surgery in GBM and LGG. Healthy donors were used as controls. Student’s t test **P < 0.01. f Ten glioma cell lines were analyzed for the secretion of VEGFA to the extracellular media at 72 h by ELISA (cells were seeded at 1500 cells/well as a starting culture density). g Basal VEGFA mRNA expression from 10 glioma cell lines quantified by QRT-PCR. Data represent the mean ± S.D. of two independent experiments performed in triplicates. h Representative IHC images of sections obtained from brain intracranial xenografts using anti-VEGFA and anti-human vimentin. Scale bar, 100 μm