Table 1. Summary of Electrochemical, Optical, and Computational Data for Compounds 9, 14, 15, and 16.

entry	compound	E1ox [V]a	E1red [V]a	HOMO [eV]b	LUMO [eV]b	ΔEredox [eV]c	ΔEopt [eV]	ΔEcalc [eV]d
1	9	0.55e	–1.47f	–5.35	–3.33	2.02		2.11
2	14	0.25e	–1.32f	–5.05	–3.48	1.57		1.61
3	15(69)	0.44e	–1.44e	–5.24	–3.36	1.88	1.84	1.85
4	16(69)	0.60e	–1.53f	–5.46	–3.27	2.13	2.19	2.15

^aElectrochemical measurements were carried out in 0.1 M Bu₄NPF₆ in dichloromethane (DCM) at a scan rate of 0.1 V s^–1 on a platinum wire working electrode. All potentials are given versus the Fc/Fc⁺ couple used as the internal standard.

^bHOMO and LUMO energy levels in electron volt were approximated using the equation HOMO = −(4.80 + E_1ox), LUMO = −(4.80 + E_1red).^91,92

^cΔE_redox = LUMO - HOMO.

^dCalculations were performed on the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory.

^eReversible first reduction or oxidation wave.

^fIrreversible first reduction or oxidation wave.