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. 2020 Jun 23;10:10201. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67260-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Influence of duration of waterlogging and nitrogen application on the production of malonaldehyde (MDA) of rape leaves and roots under pot and field experiments. Capped bars above means represent ±SE of three replicates. Small alphabetical letters above mean denote the significant differences among treatment at P ≤ 0.05. The different application levels of nitrogen were N1 (0 kg ha⁻¹), N2 (30 kg ha⁻¹), N3 (60 kg ha⁻¹) and N4 (90 kg ha⁻¹). D0, refers to without waterlogging; D6, refers to waterlogging for 6 days and D9, refers to waterlogging for 9 days.